THIS REVIEW OF ORBITAL FRACTURES HAS THREE GOALS: 1) to understand the clinically relevant orbital anatomy with regard to periorbital trauma and orbital fractures, 2) to explain how to assess and examine a patient after periorbital trauma, and 3) to understand the medical and surgical management of orbital fractures. The article aims to summarize the evaluation and management of commonly encoun...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to identify prognostic factors predicting outcomes in sebaceous gland carcinomas. METHODS We conducted a retrospective medical chart review of patients with sebaceous carcinomas of periorbital (n = 33) and extraorbital sites (n = 13). RESULTS Patients with periorbital tumors had higher recurrence rates than did patients with extraorbital tumors (64% ...

Introduction: Periorbital wrinkles are an important component of facial aging that can be minimized with botulinum toxin treatment. Objective:To treat periorbital wrinkles through botulinum toxin injections in the orbicularis muscle, using classic lateral points and additional points in the lower eyelid, which were developed based on the classification of these wrinkles. Methods: Clinical and p...

Figure 1. Richter syndrome affecting eyelids on the left side in our patient.

Matthew Kozminski, DO Chief Resident Neurology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA 98431 A 41-year-old woman with central diabetes insipidus underwent trans-sphenoidal surgery for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormality thought to be a pituitary adenoma. Upon exposure of the sella, neurosurgeons did not discover an adenoma but rather lymphocytic material per laboratory analysis lead...