INTRODUCTION In 2012, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced the Quality Bonus Payment Demonstration, a pay-for-performance (P4P) program, into Medicare Advantage plans. Previous studies documented racial/ethnic disparities in receipt of care among participants in these plans. The objective of this study was to determine whether P4P incentives have affected these dispar...

BACKGROUND Despite widespread implementation across Africa, there is limited evidence of the effect of payment for performance (P4P) schemes in low income countries on the coverage of quality services and affordability, consistent with universal health coverage objectives. We examined the effect of a government P4P scheme on utilisation, quality, and user costs of health services in Tanzania. ...

CONTEXT Since the Institute of Medicine's 2001 report Crossing the Quality Chasm, there has been a rapid proliferation of quality measures used in quality-monitoring, provider-profiling, and pay-for-performance (P4P) programs. Al-though individual performance measures are useful for identifying specific processes and outcomes for improvement and tracking progress, they do not easily provide an ...

BACKGROUND Pay for Performance (P4P) programs, based on provision of financial incentives for service quality, have been widely adopted to enhance quality of care and to promote a more efficient use of health care resources whilst improving patient outcomes. In Italy, as in other countries, the growing concern over the quality of health services provided and the scarcity of resources would make...

Despite growing adoption of pay-for-performance (P4P) programmes in health care, there is remarkably little evidence on the cost-effectiveness of such schemes. We review the limited number of previous studies and critique the frameworks adopted and the narrow range of costs and outcomes considered, before proposing a new more comprehensive framework, which we apply to the first P4P scheme intro...

*Tremendous variation exists today among commercial plans' P4P programs, but that will not prevent many of these programs from expanding, as this payment approach almost certainly will gain traction in coming years. *Hospitals that choose not to participate or that perform poorly in P4P programs risk losing market share as well as potential financial benefits. *Involving the medical staff in de...

Introduction The Hong Kong Hospital Authority (HA) manages 41 publicly funded hospitals that serve approximately 90% of the seven-million population. The head office of HA is responsible for strategic planning, resources allocation, and monitoring performance of hospitals that are organized into seven geographical clusters. The head office is transforming its population-based internal resources...

OBJECTIVE A pay-for-performance (P4P) programme for primary care was introduced in 2011 by a Swedish county (with 1.6 million inhabitants). Effects on register entry practice and comparability of data for patients with diabetes mellitus were assessed. DESIGN AND SETTING Observational study analysing short-term outcomes before and after introduction of a P4P programme in the study county as co...