BACKGROUND This study was undertaken to determined the differences in injury patterns between soldiers equipped with modern body armor in an urban environment compared with the soldiers of the Vietnam War. METHODS From July 1998 to March 1999, data were collected for a retrospective analysis on all combat casualties sustained by United States military forces in Mogadishu, Somalia, on October ...

conceptually traumatic brain injury (tbi) can be classified from a mechanistic perspective as: 1) closed, 2) penetrating, 3) blast, and 4) crush injuries. thus, tbi is a heterogeneous disease and each type of brain injury has different characteristic features often necessitating different approaches to management. the first edition of the guidelines for management and prognosis of penetrating b...

air in the intracranial vascular compartment is rare and only few case reports are published in the literature. without surgery or open head trauma, the origin of air bubbles in the venous sinus is still debated. we report an admitted patient in the emergency room one hour after a severe closed head injury, and in whom, the post-surgical cranial ct scan demonstrated feature of air embolism alon...

background and aim: traumatic subdural hygroma is the accumulation of csf (cerebrospinal fluid) in subdural space following head trauma. the mass effect of hygroma on brain can impinge on consciousness. there are still many ambiguities on indications of hygroma surgery. this is an 11-year follow-up study which involves the patients suffering traumatic subdural hygroma who underwent surgery. met...

background: brainstem hemorrhage was first described by cheyne in 1812 in a pathological study of patients presenting with lethargy and coma. in 1877 bode reviewed the findings of 67 patients reported in the literature (1). in the united states, the incidence of closed head injury is estimated to be approximately 200 cases per 100,000 persons per year. the financial burden of head injuries in t...

minor trauma to the head is common in childhood and does not require any medical or surgical treatment. nevertheless, head injury in infancy and childhood is the single most common cause of death and permanent disability. measurable deficits occur even after mild to moderate head injury but are markedly greater after severe injury. they include impaired cognition, motor impairments, disruption ...

We describe a case of intracranial carotid artery occlusion due to penetrating craniofacial injury by high velocity foreign body that was relieved by decompressive surgery. A 46-year-old man presented with a penetrating wound to his face. A piece of an electric angular grinder disc became lodged in the anterior skull base. Computed tomography revealed that the disc had penetrated the unilateral...

Ramos R, et al. BMJ Case Rep 2017. doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-219746 Description A 55-year-old man was found at his workplace with a metal drill penetrating the midline of the posterior region of the sagittal suture. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was initially 9, but his condition deteriorated and required endotracheal intubation. CT of the brain showed that the drill had taken an intracranial course,...

BACKGROUND An estimated 3700 individuals are seen annually in US emergency departments for nail gun-related injuries. Approximately 45 cases have been reported in the literature concerning nail gun injuries penetrating the cranium. These cases pose a challenge for the neurosurgeon because of the uniqueness of each case, the dynamics of high pressure nail gun injuries, and the surgical planning ...