The raw material used for this NCC production was oil palm empty bunches (OPEFB), currently waste from plantations. Delignification of OPEFB carried out using 2 N NaOH solution at 70oC 6 hours. maximum yield is 62.1% (dry cellulose basis) obtained a concentration 54% sulfuric acid and temperature 50oC. addition plasticizers (glycerol PEG) reduced the elastic modulus capsules 7951.4 MPa to 4758 ...

Purification and PCR amplification procedures for DNA extracted from environmental samples (soil, compost, and river sediment) were improved by introducing three modifications: precipitation of DNA with 5% polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) and 0.6 M NaCl; filtration with a Sepharose 4B–polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) spin column; and addition of skim milk (0.3% w/v) to the PCR reaction solution. H...

A simple, inexpensive photolithographic method for surface patterning deformable, solvated substrates is demonstrated using photoactive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-diacrylate hydrogels as model substrates. Photolithographic masks were prepared by printing the desired patterns onto transparencies using a laser jet printer. Precursor solutions containing monoacryloyl-PEG-peptide and photoinitiato...

In this work, blends of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with nanosponge-like porous structure are fabricated by a solution phase separation method, subsequently the nanosponge-porous also applied for high performance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The features controlled varying polymer concentrations PEG/PMMA ratios. A TENG device made PEG-PMMA blend convex-...

Abstract— It is well known that most assembly skills can be regarded as one of the signal-symbol Hybrid Dynamical Systems (HDS), since the interactive dynamics between an end effector and the environment change according to contact configurations (geometrical constraints). In this paper, we first propose a model of the peg-in-hole task, which is known as a typical assembly task. MLDS is adopted...

Four methods of extraction and three methods of concentration of three enteric viruses from mussels were comparatively evaluated by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Shellfish were experimentally contaminated by immersion in seawater seeded with astrovirus, hepatitis A virus, or poliovirus. Sixty-gram samples of mussel tissues were processed by using borate buffer, glycine solution, saline be...

The exceptionally high protein concentration in living cells can favor functional protein-protein interactions that can be difficult to detect with purified proteins. In this study we describe specific interactions between mammalian D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes from heart and muscle. We use poly(ethylene-glycol) (PEG)-induced copr...

The objective of this work was to improve chemical and physical stability of the EC1 protein derived from the extracellular domain of E-cadherin. In solution, the EC1 protein has been shown to form a covalent dimer via a disulfide bond formation followed by physical aggregation and precipitation. To improve solution stability of the EC1 protein, the thiol group of the Cys13 residue in EC1 was a...

A system was evaluated for growing plants at reproducible levels of water stress. Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were grown in vermiculite, transferred to a semipermeable membrane system that encased the root-vermiculite mass, and then placed into nutrient solutions to which various amounts of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 20M were added to control solution water potential. The membrane (Spectrapor ...