Pedagogic strategies are action plans designed to manage issues related to sequencing and content organization, specifying learning activities, and deciding how to deliver content and activities in teaching processes. In this paper, we present an approach to personalization of pedagogical strategies in Intelligent Tutoring Systems using pedagogical knowledge rules in a Web environment. The adap...

The purpose of this study is to develop a survey of technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK). The survey consists of seven subscales forming the TPACK model: 1) technology knowledge (TK), 2) pedagogy knowledge (PK), 3) content knowledge (CK), 4) technological pedagogical knowledge (TPK), 5) technological content knowledge (TCK), 6) pedagogical content knowledge (PCK), and 7) TPAC...

In modern pedagogical processes various teaching methods and approaches (elements of the pedagogical process – EPPs) are used ranging from traditional ones (e.g., lectures, books) to more recent ones (e.g., ediscussion boards, e-quizzes). Different models for evaluation of the appropriateness of EPPs have been proposed in the past. However, the literature shows that these models typically focus...

Research in the area of educational technology has often been critiqued for a lack of theoretical grounding. In this article we propose a conceptual framework for educational technology by building on Shulman’s formulation of ‘‘pedagogical content knowledge’’ and extend it to the phenomenon of teachers integrating technology into their pedagogy. This framework is the result of 5 years of work o...

Discovering knowledge from raw data is one of the goals of data mining. Yet, it is not always clear how this knowledge is used in educational computing systems and how exactly it is integrated with other knowledge like the pedagogy used. We present a case study where the use of the data mining results was initially described, to a large degree, at the implementation level, thus largely ignoring...

This paper reviews 74 journal papers that investigate ICT integration from the framework of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). The TPACK framework is an extension of the pedagogical content knowledge (Shulman, 1986). TPACK is the type of integrative and transformative knowledge teachers need for effective use of ICT in classrooms. As a framework for the design of teacher educa...

introduction: the subject of knowledge, as one of the most valuable sources of every organization, has recently gained more importance in businesses and industries, especially in governmental organizations. therefore, this study aimed to explore and prioritize the most important subjects in the field of hospital management to be documented in knowledge management system of the iranian ministry ...

Inspectable Bayesian student models have been used to support student reflection, knowledge awareness and communication among teacher, students and parents. This paper presents a new approach to interacting with inspectable Bayesian student models called indirectly visible Bayesian student models. In this approach, the student model is seen through the eyes of a pedagogical agent (e.g., a virtu...

This article examines the pedagogical role of the teacher in online education. Specifically, the transition from in-class room instruction to online instruction is a complex one involving specialized training in the technical aspects of delivering quality educational materials (or environments) to the students, and specialized training in how to foster knowledge acquisition within this new envi...

The increasingly ubiquitous availability of digital and networked tools has the potential to fundamentally transform the teaching and learning process. Research on the instructional uses of technology, however, has revealed that teachers often lack the knowledge to successfully integrate technology in their teaching and their attempts tend to be limited in scope, variety, and depth. Thus, techn...