The holotype and only known specimen of the enigmatic small reptile Elachistosuchus huenei Janensch, 1949 from the Upper Triassic (Norian) Arnstadt Formation of Saxony-Anhalt (Germany) is redescribed using μCT scans of the material. This re-examination revealed new information on the morphology of this taxon, including previously unknown parts of the skeleton such as the palate, braincase, and ...

We report a new fossil specimen of a pelican from the Tatrot Formation of the Siwalik Hills, India. It likely represents Pelecanus sivalensis Davies, 1880, the smaller of the two previously published species from the Siwalik Group stratigraphic sequence. This complete tarsometatarsus is the first fossil bone of a pelican collected in India for over 100 years. It is from the latest Pliocene (∼2....

The cephalic and pectoral girdle structures of Schilbe mystus are described and compared with those of other schilbids, as well as several other non-schilbid catŽ shes, as the foundation for a discussion on the monophyly and the phylogenetic relationships of the Schilbidae. Our observations and comparisons suggest that the family Schilbidae is a monophyleticgroup, deŽ ned, at least, by three au...

In the title tribenzyl-chloridotin-triphenyl-phosphine adduct, [Sn(C(7)H(7))(3)Cl(C(18)H(15)OP)], the Sn(IV) atom is in a trans-C(3)SnClO trigonal-bipyramidal geometry and is displaced out of the C(3)Sn girdle in the direction of the axial Cl atom by 0.112 (1) in one independent mol-ecule and by 0.167 (1) Å in the other. The phenyl ring of one of the six benzyl units was refined as equally diso...

The shoulder girdle of turtles has a triradiate morphology. Although its dorsal process represents the scapular blade, the skeletal identities of the two ventral processes remain uncertain. To elucidate the question, developmental patterns of the girdles were compared between Chinese soft-shelled turtles, chickens, and mice. Despite the morphological diversity of adults, the initial primordia o...

The cephalic and pectoral girdle structures of Nematogenys inermis are described and compared to those of other catfishes, as the foundation for a discussion on the autapomorphies and phylogenetic relationships of the Nematogenyidae. Our observations and comparisons indicate that nematogenyids are defined, at least, by two unique, autapomorphic characters, namely : 1) anterior margin of prevome...

PURPOSE The aim of the study is: 1) to analyse selected features of body posture in women after mastectomy, 2) to compare them with body posture of healthy women, 3) to determine the effect of rehabilitation physical exercises on the changes in body posture in women after mastectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research material consisted of 85 women after mastectomy examined once, including 40 ...

Therapsids covered the entire spectrum of terrestrial locomotion from sprawling to parasagittal. Switching between and more erect may have been possible in earlier taxa. First, axial skeleton shows little regionalization allows lateral undulation, evolving then increasingly towards enabling dorsoventral swinging. During locomotion, every step invokes a ground reaction force functional loadings ...

Abstract Although the Cretaceous is widely regarded as a time of great evolutionary transition for freshwater fish fauna North America, fossil record this period notoriously poor, consisting mostly fragments and isolated skeletal elements. Exceptions include acipenseriforms, discussed in paper, some exceedingly rare teleosts. Here we describe two new species well-preserved sturgeons (Acipenseri...

OBJECTIVE In overhead sports such as volleyball, baseball, or tennis shoulder problems are very common. The aim of this study was to identify features which may correlate with shoulder problems in volleyball attackers. METHODS 30 competitive volleyball attackers (mean age 25 years) were included in the study; 15 were suffering from shoulder pain and 15 had no history of shoulder pain. The res...