in the current attempt, the relation between precipitation change in southern coasts of iran and sea level pressure data of ncep / ncar database were investigated through correlation method using environment to circulation approach in the period of 1960-2004. after calculating the correlation matrix between the percipitation amount and pressure, the precipitation-pressure correlation map for ea...

 Introduction: Bacterial translocation is defined as the passage of bacteria from intestinal tract to the extraintestinal organs such as the peritoneum and blood circulation. The aim of this study is to examine bacterial translocation (regarding type of bacteria and effect of time of obstruction on bacterial translocation) from intestinal lumen to the peritoneum and viscera in acute, simple mec...

Plants are often subjected to several environmental stresses throughout their life cycle. Adaptation of plants to saline conditions may be due to some salt-related changes in the pattern of gene(s) expression. The physiological role of stress induced proteins is not yet clearly understood. However, it is believed that these proteins allow plants to produce biochemical and structural adjustments...

migration and quality of redistribution of population across country is one of the main factors that planners take into account to control population and guide its movements to economic poles. scientific recognition of migration phenomenon is important for managing and policy making in the country. these movements change migration pattern, in a way that along with increase in population and the...

The activity of single nucleus accumbens (NAcc) neurons of rats was extracellularly recorded during intravenous cocaine self-administration sessions (0.7 mg/kg per infusion, fixed ratio 1). We reported previously that NAcc neurons showed a change, usually a decrease, in firing rate during the first 1 min after the cocaine-reinforced lever press. This postpress change was followed by a progressi...

holt-oram syndrome (hos) is a developmental disorder inherited in an autosomal-dominant pattern. affected organs are the heart and forelimbs with upper extremity skeletal defects and congenital heart malformation. in this study we present three cases of hos in the same family. in one of these three individuals we detected a transition of c to t (ctg-gtt, v205v) in exon 7 of the tbx5 gene. this ...

Gonsamo and Chen (1) point out that phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Scandinavia Pattern (SCA) can affect growingseason climate in Europe and therefore crop productivity. However, it is unclear how this observation relates to our paper, which connects the observed long-term trends in climate with changes in yield (2). We state repeatedly in the paper (pp. 2672 and 2674) that a...

Pattern scaling methods are being widely applied to generate scenarios of climate change for quantification of their impacts on different systems. While generic limitations of this approach are well documented, the implications of the use of pattern scaling to inform adaptation decisions are not always made clear. The range of errors that are expected a priori are discussed and illustrated. Par...

Research over the last two decades has revealed a rich record of Lower Palaeolithic occupation in Britain prior to 450,000 yrs. Acheulean industries (Mode II) first appear in the later part of the early Middle Pleistocene (EMP, MIS 19-13). This paper reviews: 1) the age of the earliest Acheulean in Britain, 2) the climates under which the earliest Acheulean industries occur, as recorded by the ...

Driven by climate change and population growth, increasing human pressure on land forces conversion of natural landscapes to agricultural fields and pastures while simultaneously depleting land currently under agricultural use (Lal, 2009). Consequently, a vicious circle develops; further aggravating climate change, soil degradation, erosion, loss of soil organic matter (SOM) and leaching of nut...