Quantitative analysis of the carbonate species within clinical and environmental samples is highly critical to the advancement of accurate environmental monitoring, disease screening, and personalized medicine. Herein we report the first example of carbonate detection using ultrasensitive ion selective electrodes (ISEs). The low detection limit (LDL) of these electrodes was at least 4 orders of...

CONTEXT The effect of calcium carbonate on the absorption of levothyroxine has not been studied systematically. Such a potential drug interaction merits investigation because concurrent treatment with both drugs is common, particularly in postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential interference of calcium carbonate in the absorption of levothyroxine. DESIGN Prospective coho...

Elevated concentrations of sulfate (500-4000 mg/L) exist in certain neutral drainages that contain reactive rock, but sufficient carbonate to neutralize the sulfuric acid produced. Due to concerns that sulfate may degrade surface water, cost-effective methods are required for reducing the contaminant load into these streams. This review examines methods primarily for sulfate removal, although s...

The bulk of the world's phosphate reserves is located in sedimentary horizons that contain appreciable amounts of carbonate. During beneficiation of phosphate rocks, huge amounts of oversize phosphate rocks are rejected from crushers. This reject also mostly contains low tricalcium phosphate and high carbonate content. In this study, experiments have been carried out to reduce/eliminate car...

[reaction: see text] Delta9-THC is synthesized in enantiomericaly pure form, where all of the stereochemistry is derived from the molybdenum-catalyzed asymmetric alkylation reaction of the extremely sterically congested bis-ortho-substituted cinnamyl carbonate in high regio- and enantioselectivity.

The ongoing oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is significantly altering the carbonate chemistry of seawater, a phenomenon referred to as ocean acidification. Experimental manipulations have been increasingly used to gauge how continued ocean acidification will potentially impact marine ecosystems and their associated biogeochemical cycles in the future; however, results among...

1. Incorporation of calcium and carbonate into shell has been studied in the scallop Argopecten irradians using 45Ca and 14C-bicarbonate. 2. The incorporation of 45Ca and 14C-carbonate into shell was linear with time after a lag period of 1 to 2 hours. The shell-forming mantle tissue attained a steady state with respect to 45Ca in the sea water medium within 2 hours. 3. The molar ratio of 45Ca ...

A large quantity of world’s oil reserves exists in carbonate reservoirs. Carbonate reservoirs are very sensitive to chemical enhanced oil recovery process because of containing large amount of calcite, dolomite and calcium sulfate minerals. These minerals cause major obstacles during alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding. Alkali reacts with these minerals and form undesired precipitations wh...