extended abstract 1- introduction power is regarded as an important social variable when studying any social structure and institution. accordingly, distribution of power in family structure has a great importance and could affect many familial experiences such as development of personality, socialization, self-esteem, solidarity, satisfaction, happiness, etc. (mahdavi & saboori khosroshahi, 20...

the concepts of democracy have been around for centuries in different fields of human sciences. however, in most of these fields the idealistic and far-fetched features attributed to democracy have not been manipulated yet. it should be mentioned that there have been only a few serious attempts to find proper go-between elements, which could make such a concept as comprehensible and tangible as...

Drawing on literature from Anthropology, Economics, Political Science and Sociology, an interdisciplinary theory is presented that links the rise of contractual forms of exchange within a society with the proliferation of liberal values, democratic legitimacy, and peace among democratic nations. The theory accommodates old facts and yields a large number of new and testable ones, including the ...

The precautionary principle has become, in European regulation of science and technology, a general principle for the protection of the health of human beings, animals, plants, and the environment. It requires that "[w]here there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent enviro...

The discourse of participation in and about Brazil has contributed to the wider discourse of the public sphere. As anoccasion to revise the general concept of the public sphere, it carries its own limitations as well. The public sphereis an arena where citizens come together to discuss matters of general interest and through this discussion are thenable to influence the state. The c...

From a cyber-optimistic perspective, the notions of "digital society" and "participatory culture" have historically been used to extol benefits democratic, just egalitarian civilizations. This compilation articles is intended for anyone with academic or professional interests in media representations digital society participatory culture, as well their consequences variety international context...

Deliberative democracy by the people themselves is a distinctive form of democratic practice. It can be distinguished from deliberative democracy practiced by elites or representatives as well as from other forms of democracy that do not emphasize deliberation. In this article I explore ways this kind of democracy can be realized and then inserted into our current democratic institutions. The i...