Noble gas isotopes, although present in trace amounts, are generally more reliable and less ambiguous recorders of their source than the major volatile species. In volcanic settings particular, this advantage derives from chemical inertness, as noble isotopic elemental fractionations strongly coupled to modified only by physical processes during magma ascent eruption. The Neogene volcano El Hoy...

Interrogating physical processes that occur within the lowermost mantle is a key to understanding Earth's evolution and present-day inner composition. Among such processes, partial melting has been proposed to explain mantle regions with ultralow seismic velocities near the core-mantle boundary, but experimental validation at the appropriate temperature and pressure regimes remains challenging....

Recycled oceanic crust, with or without sediment, is often invoked as a source component of continental and oceanic alkaline magmas to account for their trace-element and isotopic characteristics. Alternatively, these features have been attributed to sources containing veined, metasomatized lithosphere. In melting experiments on natural amphibole-rich veins at 1.5 gigapascals, we found that par...

The composition of Mars' crust records the planet's integrated geologic history and provides clues to its differentiation. Spacecraft and meteorite data now provide a global view of the chemistry of the igneous crust that can be used to assess this history. Surface rocks on Mars are dominantly tholeiitic basalts formed by extensive partial melting and are not highly weathered. Siliceous or calc...

Short pulse laser melting and resolidification of a metal target are investigated in continuum and atomistic computer simulations. The cooling rates achievable in laser quenching are calculated within the framework of two-temperature model for a range of laser fluences and pulse durations. A well-defined maximum in the cooling rate dependence on the pulse duration and fluence is observed and ex...

introduction khoy ophiolite at the global scale is in the middle part of the alp-himalaya orogenic belt and it is extended over 3900 km2 which indicates remnant neotethys oceanic lithosphere in the mesozoic era (kananian et al., 2010). in this paper, in addition to a review of previous investigations about khoy ophiolite, we will try to determine the nature and kind of minerals, origin and part...

The geological materials in Earth's lowermost mantle control the characteristics and interpretation of seismic ultra-low velocity zones at the base of the core-mantle boundary. Partial melting of the bulk lower mantle is often advocated as the cause, but this does not explain the nonubiquitous character of these regional seismic features. We explored the melting properties of mid-oceanic ridge ...

Although the production of U-series disequilibria during metasomatic and partial-melting processes in Earth’s mantle is well studied, the effects of melting and assimilation processes during ascent and storage of magma in the crust are less well understood. To investigate disequilibria arising via this mechanism, we have conducted U-series measurements on the products of laboratory experiments ...