The mortality and morbidity of geriatric patients is much higher than for younger patients, especially when critically ill. This may be attributed to a lower reserve capacity in most organs and systems, reduced ability to deal with physical stress and the presence of acute or chronic co-mobidities. Parenteral and enteral nutrition support can improve the clinical condition of the elderly patien...

The critically ill patient very often presents with systemic evidence of infection including tachypnea, tachycardia and hypo-hyperthermia; this may lead to sepsis syndrome and subsequent multisystem organ failure. In order to manage this clinical condition, nutritional supportive therapy is very often required. The choice between enteral and parenteral nutrition is not always straightforward. E...

Introduction. In patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), nutritional support is required if normal food cannot be tolerated within several days. Enteral nutrition is preferred over parenteral nutrition. We reviewed the literature about enteral nutrition in AP. Methods. A MEDLINE search of the English language literature between 1999-2009. Results. Nasogastric tube feeding appears to be safe and ...

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in both genders. More than 80% of patients suffer from significant weight loss at diagnosis and over time develop severe cachexia. Early nutritional support is therefore essential. SUMMARY This review evaluates the different nutritional therapies, such as enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition and special nu...

Nutritional deficit in patients with viral diseases, including COVID-19, can reduce the efficacy of specific treatment, decrease survival rate, and increase medical expenses. According to international guidelines, timely correction nutritional status supplemental enteral parenteral nutrition containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid from fish oil (omega-3 PUFAs: ЕРА DHA) is able improve cli...

In modern surgical practice it is advisable to manage patients within an enhanced recovery protocol and thereby have them eating normal food within 1-3 days. Consequently, there is little room for routine perioperative artificial nutrition. Only a minority of patients may benefit from such therapy. These are predominantly patients who are at risk of developing complications after surgery. The m...

Nutritional support is becoming a mainstay of the comprehensive therapeutic approach to patients with chronic diseases. Chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are frequently associated with the progressive development of malnutrition, due to reduced energy intake, increased energy expenditure and impaired anabolism. Malnutrition and eventually cachexia have...

Guidelines for specialized nutritional and metabolic support in the critically-ill patient. Update. Resumen La pancreatitis aguda grave es una patología que cursa con complicaciones locales y sistémicas que condicionan una situación de estrés altamente catabólica, hipermeta-bólica e hiperdinámica con marcada morbimortalidad. En la última década, el soporte nutricional se ha con-vertido en uno d...

T he need to avoid prolonged starvation in patients is well recognized. More recently, it has been realized that without intraluminal fuels, intestinal integrity may deteriorate and allow translocation of gut bacteria. One means to combat nutrient deprivation and simultaneously to keep the local defense barrier of the intestine intact is tube feeding, i.e., enteral nutrition. This technique has...

To avoid the need for a gastrostomy and parenteral nutrition during the 7- to 10-day healing period after esophageal anastomosis, the authors modified their technique for esophageal atresia repair to include placement of a transanastomotic feeding tube. A SILASTIC transanastomotic feeding tube and early enteral nutrition was used for 19 of 23 consecutively treated patients after repair of esoph...