How may we quantify the value of physical resources, such as entangled quantum states, heat baths or lasers? Existing resource theories give us partial answers; however, these rely on idealizations, like perfectly independent copies states exact knowledge a state. Here introduce general tool “currencies” to realistic descriptions applicable in experimental settings when do not have perfect cont...

A technology should be judged in how it solves recognized problems, not by its technical appeal

Abstract. The paper highlights the increased international trade and discussion in recent years of digital currencies, also known as virtual currencies or cryptocurrencies, including bilateral coin bitcoin (BTC). Scholars have emphasised need to consider different preconditions, focusing primarily on domestic perspectives payment intermediation within individual countries. inclusion global is m...

We study the optimal monetary policy in a two-country open-economy model under two monetary arrangements: (a) multiple currencies controlled by independent policy makers; (b) common currencies with a centralized policy maker. Our findings suggest that: (i) Monetary policy competition leads to higher long-term inflation and interest rates with large welfare losses; (ii) The inflation bias and th...

In January 1999, members of the European Union introduced a single currency, the Euro. In 2002, the Euro will replace national currencies, and each country’s currency will cease to exist. It is our belief that within the next ten years the Euro will merge with the Dollar to create a single currency for the United States, Europe, and eventually for other countries. These articles explore the imp...

”Bitcoin is a rare case where practice seems to be ahead of theory.” Joseph Bonneau et al. [15] This tutorial aims to further close the gap between IT security research and the area of cryptographic currencies and block chains. We will describe and refer to Bitcoin as an example throughout the tutorial, as it is the most prominent representative of a such a system. It also is a good reference t...

The pace and severity of the current extinction crisis is unprecedented, and there is a large disparity between the scale of the problem and the available recourses with which to mitigate it. Prioritising conservation efforts is therefore critical. With the extinction of species, we lose not only taxonomic diversity but also the ecosystem services they provide and the evolutionary history repre...