The potencies of atracurium, Org NC 45 and pancuronium were determined using cumulative dose-response curves. The effective doses producing 95% twitch depression were 279 microgram kg-1, 56 microgram kg-1 and 64 microgram kg-1 respectively, the relative potency being 1:5.0:4.3. The calculated log-probit dose-response curves showed the steepest slope for pancuronium, although the slopes did not ...

Bilateral microinjections of GABA (300 mM, 100 nl) or the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol (100 microM, 100 nl) into the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus increased the rate of whole body O(2) consumption (VO(2)) and the body core (colonic) temperature of urethane-chloralose-anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats. The most sensitive site was the dorsomedial POA at the level of the an...

Pancuronium, Org 6368 and gallamine were compared in control cats and in cats with experimental cholestasis. A decrease in the plasma clearance and a prolongation of neuromuscular blockade with Org 6368 and pancuronium were found in the latter; no significant difference was detected in the biotransformation pattern of Org 6368 and pancuronium compared with controls. Inhibition of hepatic uptake...

The study was undertaken to determine whether a neuromuscular blockade induced with pancuronium but maintained with atracurium was associated with a shorter time to complete recovery after administration of neostigmine than if the blockade was maintained with pancuronium alone. Anaesthesia consisted of thiopentone, N2O/O2/enflurane and fentanyl, and the neuromuscular blockade, induced by pancur...

The influence of movement on joint space formation during limb development has been the subject of much interest. Our aim was to investigate the short-term influence of movement upon cavitation by immobilizing chick embryos in ovo, both in a rigid manner where dynamic stimulation is removed, and a flaccid manner where both dynamic and static stimulation are absent. Induction of rigid immobiliza...

Dose-duration relationships for vecuronium were determined and the duration of action produced by vecuronium 0.3 mg kg-1 shown to equal that of pancuronium 0.1 mg kg-1. Using these doses, the neuromuscular blocking properties and cardiovascular effects of the two drugs were compared. With large dose administration of vecuronium (0.3 mg kg-1), both the onset time (mean 81 s) and the 25-75% recov...

The effects of atracurium on intraocular pressure (IOP) were compared with those of pancuronium in 20 patients less than 45 years-of-age requiring surgery for trauma of one eye. After a standard premedication and the application of topical analgesia to the upper airway, anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone i.v. and the trachea was intubated without the use of neuromuscular blockade. Followi...

The effect of atracurium on intraocular pressure was studied by comparing it with pancuronium in a randomised controlled trial. The intraocular pressure was measured in patients undergoing cataract surgery before administration of the muscle relaxant, at 1, 3, and 5 minutes after its administration, and at 1 minute after tracheal intubation. Atracurium was found to decrease intraocular pressure...

2527 lenged his state’s lethal-injection protocol. On April 7, U.S. District Judge Malcolm Howard ruled that his execution in North Carolina could proceed only if there were “execution personnel with sufficient medical training to ensure that Plaintiff is in all respects unconscious prior to and at the time of the administration of any pancuronium bromide or potassium chloride.” Subsequently, t...