We propose a definition of “nonabelian mixed Hodge structure” together with a construction associating to a smooth projective variety X and to a nonabelian mixed Hodge structure V , the “nonabelian cohomology of X with coefficients in V ” which is a (pre-)nonabelian mixed Hodge structure denoted H = Hom(XM , V ). We describe the basic definitions and then give some conjectures saying what is su...