Thymoquinone (TQ), the major compound of black seed oil, has been shown to induce pro-apoptotic signaling pathways in various human cancer models. Although TQ is commonly used in traditional medicine, its use in humans is limited due to its chemical properties and poor membrane penetration capacity. We therefore attached saturated and unsaturated fatty acid residues to TQ and evaluated the effe...

Aging, as a major risk factor of memory deficiency, affects neural signaling pathways in hippocampus. In particular, age-dependent androgens deficiency causes cognitive impairments. Several enzymes like protein kinase C (PKC) are involved in memory deficiency. Indeed, PKC regulatory process mediates α-secretase activation to cleave APP in β-amyloid cascade and tau proteins phosphorylation mecha...

Objective(s): High-glucose (HG) stress, a mimic of diabetes mellitus (DM) in culture cells, alters expression of a large number of genes including Wnt and NF-κB signaling-related genes; however, the role of Wnt signaling during HG-mediated fibroblast damage and the relationship between Wnt and NF-κB signaling have not been understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the ffects of Wnt sig...

The p53 tumor suppressor is a key protein in maintaining the integrity of the genome by inducing either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis following cellular stress signals. Two human family members, Mdm2 and Mdmx, are primarily responsible for inactivating p53 transcription and targeting p53 protein for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. In response to genotoxic stress, post-translational modificatio...

Berberine has been used for the adjuvant treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia (high levels fats), and hypertension blood pressure). Also, it different effects on diarrhea, inflammation, cancer. Berberine, is a profoundly common compound in Berberis species. Although cretica one species, unknown whether anti-diabetic yet. synergistic various compounds together with berberin or s...

replicative cellular senescence that is defined by irreversible loss of proliferative potential, adoption of characteristic morphology and expression of typical biomarkers [1, 2]. Cellular senescence acts as a barrier to malignant cell transformation in vivo [3] and may contribute to organismal ageing [1, 2, 4]. The p53 tumor suppressor is a major determinant of cellular senescence [5]. It play...

The role of p53 in tumor suppression partly relies on its ability to transcriptionally regulate target genes involved in the initiation of cell cycle arrest or the activation of programmed cell death. In recent years many genes have been identified as p53-regulated genes; however, no single target gene has been shown to be required for the full apoptotic effect. We have identified TRAF4 as a p5...

In recent years, cancer-related genes have been analyzed as predictive indicators for cancer therapies. Among those genes, the gene product of a tumor suppressor gene p53 plays an important role in cancer therapy, because the p53 molecule induces cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis and depression of DNA repair after cancer therapies such as radiation, hyperthermia and anti-cancer agents. An abnormalit...

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the predominant primary bone tumor in pediatric and adolescent populations. It has high metastatic potential, with lungs being most common site of metastasis. In contrast to many other sarcomas, OS lacks conserved translocations or genetic mutations; instead, it heterogeneous abnormalities, including somatic DNA copy number alteration, ploidy, chromosomal amplification, los...