Background: We conducted an assessment of knowledge about blood borne pathogens (BBP) and use of universal precautions at first level care facilities (FLCF) in two districts of Pakistan. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and selected three different types of FLCFs ; public, general practitioners and unqualified practitioners through stratified random sampling technique. At each fac...

Oxalate oxidase catalyzes the conversion of oxalic acid and molecular oxygen to carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide. Oxalate-degrading enzymes are of interest for various applications including clinical analysis of the levels of oxalic acid in blood and urine and control of oxalic acid in industrial processes, such as pulp and paper manufacture. In these applications, the presence of oxyanions...

Zwitterionic co-crystals family could be basis for very different structural and theoretical examinations as their ability to alter solubility and deliver a wide solubility spectrum is receiving more attention. Many zwitterionic co-crystals crystal structures exhibited carboxylate-hydroxyl supramolecular heterosynthons preference. In addition to examples of zwitterionic co-crystals in the Cambr...

In the title compound, 2C(6)H(4)N(2)·C(2)H(2)O(4), the oxalic acid mol-ecule lies about an inversion center. The pyridine ring of the pyridine-4-carbonitrile mol-ecule is almost planar, the largest deviation from the least-squares plane being 0.006 (1) Å; the nitrile N atom deviates from this plane by 0.114 (1) Å. In the crystal, the oxalic acid mol-ecules and the pyridine-4-carbonitrile mol-ec...

Cyclic voltammetric studies were carried out on the deposition of polyaniline on pure aluminum from oxalic acid solution with and without different anions (CO3, SO3, SO4, DBS) and contribution of these anions to lyaniline film formation was investigated. Corrosion behavior of polyaniline coated aluminum in oxalic acid solution with and without different anions (CO3, SO3, SO4, DBS) has been inve...

Dilute oxalic acid pretreatment was applied to maple wood to improve compatibility with downstream operations, and its performance in pretreatment and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis was compared to results for hydrothermal and dilute hydrochloric and sulfuric acid pretreatments. The highest total xylose yield of ∼84% of the theoretical maximum was for both 0.5% oxalic and sulfuric acid pretrea...

Novel approaches to remediate chromated-copper-arsenate (CCA)-treated waste wood are needed to divert this material from landfills. In this study, CCA-treated wood wafers were treated with a two-step remediation process to remove copper, chromium and arsenic. Process conditions, involving an acid extraction and bacterial culture with a metal-tolerant bacterium, were optimized. It was determined...

[1] Aqueous-phase oxidation (in clouds and aerosols) is a potentially important source of organic aerosol and could explain the atmospheric presence of oxalic acid. Methylglyoxal, a water-soluble product of isoprene, oxidizes further in the aqueous phase to pyruvic acid. Discrepancies in the literature regarding the aqueous-phase oxidation of pyruvic acid create large uncertainties in the inclo...

The role played by the additives salicylic acid, L-ascorbic acid and oxalic acid in promoting the catalytic activity of [MnIV2(O)3(tmtacn)2](PF6)2 (1(PF6)2, where tmtacn = N,N',N''-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) in the epoxidation and cis-dihydroxylation of alkenes with H2O2 and in suppressing the catalysed decomposition of H2O2 is examined. Whereas aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids e...