•We examined scierai rings from 44 species of Pelecaniformes and found nonrandom variation in numbers of scierai ossicles among genera, but little or no variability within genera. Phaethon, Fregata, and Pelecanus retain the primitive 15 ossicles per ring, while the most recent common ancestor of the Sulae (Phalacrocoracidae, Anhinga, and Sulidae) is inferred to have had a derived reduction to 1...

The genesis of hemopoietic bone marrow was studied in matrix-induced transformation plaques and ossicles in subcutaneous spaces of thorax and abdomen of rat. With the advent of blood vessels in the plaque on day 9, there began a rapid and radical conglomerate shift, cartilaginous to osseous, which was nearly total in 72 hr. Incorporation of 59-Fe into heme provided a sensitive quantitative assa...

A three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the motion modes of the human middle ear structures. The model was based entirely on 3D reconstruction obtained from micro Computed Tomography (microCT) imaging. We solve the acoustics-structure interaction problem using COMSOL Multiphysics. Our results show that at low frequencies, the classical hinging motion is domi...

ABSTRACT: The scleral ossicle rings function has been related to mechanical protection, muscle fixation, support for eyeball shape and visual accommodation. There are few morphobiometric reports on these in different Testudines species, we performed ultrasound (US) computed tomography (CT) of the one green turtle (Chelonia mydas), black-bellied slider (Trachemys dorbigni) red-footed tortoise (C...