Twenty-seven species of the genus Onchocerca (Nematoda; Filarioidea) can cause a vector-borne parasitic disease called onchocercosis. Most Onchocerca species infect wild and domestic ungulates or the dog, and one species causes river blindness in humans mainly in tropical Africa. The European red deer (Cervus e. elaphus) is host to four species, which are transmitted by blackflies (simuliids) o...

‎Let $p(z)$ be a polynomial of degree $n$ and for a complex number $alpha$‎, ‎let $D_{alpha}p(z)=np(z)+(alpha-z)p'(z)$ denote the polar derivative of the polynomial p(z) with respect to $alpha$‎. ‎Dewan et al proved‎ ‎that if $p(z)$ has all its zeros in $|z| leq k, (kleq‎ ‎1),$ with $s$-fold zeros at the origin then for every‎ ‎$alphainmathbb{C}$ with $|alpha|geq k$‎, ‎begin{align*}‎ ‎max_{|z|=...

‎In this paper‎, ‎we give some necessary conditions for a complex‎ ‎difference equation of Malmquist type‎ $$‎sum^n_{j=1}f(z+c_j)=frac{P(f(z))}{Q(f(z))}‎,$$ ‎where $n(in{mathbb{N}})geq{2}$‎, ‎and $P(f(z))$ and $Q(f(z))$ are‎ ‎relatively prime polynomials in $f(z)$ with small functions as‎ ‎coefficients‎, ‎admitting a meromorphic function of finite order‎. ‎Moreover‎, ‎the properties of finite o...

let $r$ be an associative ring with identity. an element $x in r$ is called $mathbb{z}g$-regular (resp. strongly $mathbb{z}g$-regular) if there exist $g in g$, $n in mathbb{z}$ and $r in r$ such that $x^{ng}=x^{ng}rx^{ng}$ (resp. $x^{ng}=x^{(n+1)g}$). a ring $r$ is called $mathbb{z}g$-regular (resp. strongly $mathbb{z}g$-regular) if every element of $r$ is $mathbb{z}g$-regular (resp. strongly $...