The ability to append alkyl moieties onto preexisting molecular scaffolds is of significant interest owing to the breadth of the diversified compounds that can be accessed in late stage synthesis. There are a number of procedures that are capable of incorporating alkyl subunits into organic molecules; however, many of these strategies are limited in scope. In particular, the highly reactive nat...

Since early 2008, an increasing number of countries have ratified an international treaty to ban the application of antifouling (AF) coatings based on organotin compounds (eg tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin). As a result, the demand for environmentally friendly, non-toxic or low-toxicity AF compounds and technologies (green AF agents) has become an urgent reality. Marine coatings based on Cu...

The Sn(IV) atom in the title organotin dithio-carbamate, [Sn(C(6)H(5))(2)(C(11)H(14)NS(2))Cl], is penta-coordinated by an asymmetrically coordinating dithio-carbamate ligand, a Cl and two ispo-C atoms of the Sn-bound phenyl groups. The resulting C(2)ClS(2) donor set defines a coordination geometry inter-mediate between square-pyramidal and trigonal-bipyramidal with a slight tendency towards the...

主に,農 薬あるいは船底や漁網の防汚塗料などとして 用 いられてきた トリフ ェニル錫や トリブ チ ル 錫化合物 は,そ の毒性が問題 とな り近 年,「化学物質の審査及び 製造等の規制に関する法律」に基づ き指定化学物質 とさ れ1),そ の使用や製造などが大幅に制限されてきた.しか しなが ら,そ れ らの環境汚染は まだみ られて い る2).ま た他国においては職業性 の中毒例 も報告 されている3). われわれは,そ れ らの生体影響や生体内挙動の解明を目 的 とし微量測定法の確立,さ らにそれを基に生体中での 代謝な どについて報告 して きた4,5).これ まで有機錫化 合物の代謝 についての報告は主に トリ体 に関するものが 多 く,そ れ らに比べ,ジ 体についての情報は少 な い6). そ こで本研究では,ト リフェニル錫 の代謝産物の一つで あるジフ ェニル錫...

The melt-phase synthesis of dioctyltin (IV) and triphenyltin (IV) benzoates were carried outusing stoichiometric amounts of benzoic acids and the corresponding organotin (IV) compounds.The reagents were ground together in a mortar and fed into a boiling glass tube. A cannula tubewas inserted into the boiling tube to discharge accumulated gaseous products. A syringe ensureda continuous flow of d...

Organotin compounds are typical environmental contaminants and suspected endocrine-disrupting substances, which cause irreversible sexual abnormality in female mollusks, called "imposex". However, little is known about the capability of triorganotin compounds, such as tributyltin and triphenyltin, to cause disorders in the sexual development and reproductive functions of mammals, including huma...

Speciation, identification of the chemical states of elements in the environment, is indispensable in determining the environmental behavior, bioavailability, and the influence of elements on the quality of the environment. For speciation, X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) is a powerful tool, because it is a direct method by which we can avoid the change of the chemical state of target ele...