Tunnel structures are known as expensive infrastructures and determining optimum designs of these structures can play a great role in minimizing their cost. The formulation of optimum design of industrial tunnel sections as an optimization is considered in this paper and then the enhanced charged system search, as a recently developed meta-heuristic approach, has been applied to solve the probl...

0

abstract in refrence to un appropriate time and place dispersal of precipitation in iran and having low efficiency in agriculture, water as the most limitative factor in agriculture is discussing. in this study, the existing pattern of mashhad-chenaran plain is considering and with gathering data related to 1388, with target of decrease in water consuming, optimum and nearly optimum cropping pa...