the engineers can frequently encounter with the situation to select the optimum option among the alternatives related with tunneling operations. the optimum choice can be selected by the experienced engineers taking into consideration their judgment and intuition. however, decision-making methods can offer to the engineers to support their optimum selection for a particular application in a sci...

Simulated landscapes have been used for decades to evaluate search strategies whose goal is to find the landscape location with maximum fitness. Understanding properties of landscapes is important for understanding search difficulty. This paper presents a novel and transparent characterization of NK landscapes and derives an analytic expression representing the expected number of local optima. ...

A thermodynamic model of a thermoelectric generator-driven thermoelectric heat pump (TEG-TEH) combined device is established considering the Thomson effect and the temperature dependence of the thermoelectric properties based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Energy analysis and exergy analysis are performed. New expressions for heating load, maximum working temperature difference, coefficient...

In 1997, Macal and Hurter [7] have found that adding a constraint to the lower level problem, which is not active at the computed global optimal solution, can destroy global optimality. In this paper this property is reconsidered and it is shown that this solution remains locally optimal under inner semicontinuity of the original solution set mapping. In the second part of the paper we prove th...

This work investigates the effects of two techniques introducing redundancy, diploid representations and decoders. The effects of redundancy on mutation, recombination, the structure of the landscape and the interplay between these ingredients are of particular interest. Resulting neutral mutations are found to be the reason for the transformation of local optima into plateau points. Additional...