The KM3NeT Collaboration has developed a multi-PMT optical so lution for construction of the two deep-sea ARCA and ORCA telescopes. This approach several advantages compared to single-PMT modules which have been traditionally used in neutrino telescopes, including larger photocathode area is equivalent three 10-inch photomultipliers. In addition, allows high resolution, good positioning timing ...

Reducing the complexity of optical systems emphasizes the need to increase the number of optical functions in as few modules as possible, making the system more compact and simple to operate. Optical functions such as light generation, frequency conversion, amplification, broadband transmission, wavelength filtering and interfacing to the outside environment typically needed separate, individua...

This paper describes the fundamentals of optical enterprise networks, including the enterprise Multi Source Agreement optical transceivers and their architecture. Then the different Ethernet optical PHY standards, and latest EDC technology that utilizes electronic signal processing methods to enable 10Gb/s Ethernet transmission over legacy MMF optical links, is presented. Finally, the EDC assoc...

This paper discusses multi-hop routing, all-optical label swapping operation of optical label switching routers that make real-time decisions based on the label and the forwarding table. The switching fabric conducts data regeneration and label rewriting. 2003 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 060.4510 Optical communications, 060.4250 Networks

Coherence multiplexing (CM) is a relatively unknown form of optical CDMA, which is particulary suitable in medium bit rate, short-range optical networks like LANs. The main purpose of the technique is to allow multiple users to transmit through a common optical fiber simultaneously. When this number is too large, however, the BER will become unacceptably high. Therefore a protocol is needed to ...

We fabricated and replicated in semiconductor compatible plastics a multi-channel free-space optical interconnection module designed to establish intra-chip interconnections on an Opto-Electronic Field Programmable Gate Array (OE-FPGA). The micro-optical component is an assembly of a refractive lenslet-array and a high-quality microprism. Both components are prototyped using deep lithography wi...

remote sensing using small spacecraft arising from multi-objective economic activity problems is getting more and more developed. these satellites require very accurate pointing to specific locations of interest, with high reliability and small latency. the space borne imaging systems always attempted to achieve the highest ground resolution possible with the available technology at the given t...