Glaucoma is a chronic eye disease that leads to blindness. This disease cannot be cured but we can detect the disease in time. Current tests using intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement are not sensitive enough for population based glaucoma screening. Optic nerve head assessment in retinal fundus images is more promising and superior than current methods. This paper proposes segmentation of opt...

Bilateral optic disc edema in a diabetic patient may be caused by diabetic papillopathy. We herein report on a patient with bilateral optic disc drusen simulating diabetic papillopathy. A 55-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes presented with decreased vision of 1-month. Diabetic papillopathy was initially considered as there was disc edema in both eyes with focal hemorrhages at the disc margi...

AIM To determine whether analysis of sequential optic disc images obtained with the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) is able to demonstrate optic disc change before the development of reproducible field defects in a group of ocular hypertensive (OHT) patients converting to early glaucoma. METHODS Two groups were analysed: (1) 13 eyes of 13 OHT patients who subsequently developed reproducible...

This paper presents a methodology for glaucoma detection based on measuring displacements of blood vessels within the optic disc (vascular bundle) in human retinal images. The method consists of segmenting the region of the vascular bundle in an optic disc to set a reference point in the temporal side of the cup, determining the position of the centroids of the superior, inferior, and nasal vas...

Diabetic retinopathy is a progressive eye disease and one of the leading causes of blindness all over the world. New blood vessels (neovascularization) start growing at advance stage of diabetic retinopathy known as proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Early and accurate detection of proliferative diabetic retinopathy is very important and crucial for protection of patient's vision. Automated sy...

Locating the optic disc center and the fovea in digital fundus images is surprisingly difficult due to the variation range in color and contrast and the possible presence of pathologies creating bright spots or changing the appearance of retinal landmarks. These reasons make it difficult to find good templates of optic disc and fovea shape and color for pattern matching. In this paper we propos...

PURPOSE To describe a case where detection of blood flow in the central retinal artery and the central retinal vein was limited by an artifact evoked by the optic disc drusen. METHODS Case report. RESULTS During color Doppler sonography, examination of optic disc drusen may generate an artifact--the so-called twinkling artifact--which can simulate blood flow and make evaluation of the central...

Globally, glaucoma is the major cause of visual impairment. It is a chronic eye disease in which optic nerve damages progressively due to the raised Intraocular Pressure (IOP) of the eye. The technique proposed in this paper allows automatic detection of the glaucoma using digital fundus image by extracting the features like vertical cup to disc ratio (CDR), its area ratio, horizontal to vertic...

In this paper, a system for automated analysis of retinal images is proposed. This system segments blood vessels in retinal images and recognizes the main features of the fundus on digital color images. The recognized features were defined as blood vessels, optic disc, and fovea. An algorithm called 2D matched filters response has been proposed for the detection of blood vessels. Also, automati...