Predatory behavior in wild chimpanzees and other primates has been well documented over the last 30 years. However, as it is an opportunistic behavior, conditions which may promote such behavior are left up to chance. Until now, predatory behavior among captive chimpanzees has been poorly documented. In this paper, we present five instances providing evidence of predatory behavior: four perform...

Contracts are crucial for curbing opportunism, a common phenomenon in construction projects. This article differentiates among the contractual mechanisms of obligatoriness, monitoring, and coordination, studies relationships between complexity above functions different types opportunistic behavior. Using data from 262 clients (i.e., parties issuing contracts) Chinese industry, this reveals that...

La Soledad case is illustrative of the contracting issue under conditions where reputation as an enforcement device is ineffective, and where there is no coercive power. Initially, tenancy practices were organized among local actors, on the basis of personal relationships; contractual enforcement was not a critical issue. The introduction of a new crop (potato) by ‘outsiders’ --entrepreneur-typ...

Opportunistic networking (a.k.a. device-to-device communication) is considered a feasible means for offloading mobile data traffic. Since mobile nodes are battery-powered, opportunistic networks must be expected to satisfy the user demand without greatly affecting battery lifetime. To address this requirement, this work introduces progressive selfishness, an adaptive and scalable energy-aware a...

Adult female mosquitoes need blood to develop their eggs and both sexes use nectar and honeydew as carbohydrate resources for flight, survival and to enhance reproduction. However, there are also a few reports in the literature of mosquitoes feeding on haemolymph of soft-bodied insects such as caterpillars. The frequency and significance of this entomophagous behavior is not well understood, bu...

we tried to evaluate prevalence and characteristics of iranian hiv infected patients with retinitis due to opportunistic infections. in this cross sectional study, we evaluated 106 hiv infected patients via indirect ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp examination by 90 lens to find retinitis cases. general information and results of ophthalmologic examination were analyzed. prevalence of retinitis due...

This paper describes a behavior-based approach to stealth. The specific problem we consider is that of making stealthy traverses, i.e., transiting from one point to another while remaining hidden from an observer. Since we assume that the robot has no a priori model of the environment, our stealthy traverse behavior makes opportunistic use of terrain features to hide from the observer. This beh...

Abstract While the shareholder benefits of audits are well documented, evidence on whether can facilitate opportunistic behavior by corporate insiders is scarce. In this paper, we examine audit process facilitates one particular form opportunism: informed trading insiders. We focus our analysis insider around report date. find an increase in date and that abnormally large for firms subsequently...