We study Witten’s open string field theory in the presence of a constant B field. We construct the string field theory in the operator formalism and find that, compared to the ordinary theory with no B field, the vertices in the resulting theory has an additional factor. The factor makes the zero modes of strings noncommutative. This is in agreement with the results in the first-quantized formu...

A framework for background independent open-string field theory is proposed. The approach involves using the BV formalism – in a way suggested by recent developments in closed-string field theory – to implicitly define a gauge invariant Lagrangian in a hypothetical “space of all open-string world-sheet theories.” It is built into the formalism that classical solutions of the string field theory...

We perform canonical quantization of the open string on a unstable D-brane in the background of the tachyon condensation. Evaluating the Polyakov path-integral on a stripe, we obtain the field theoretical propagator in the open string theory. As the condensation occurs the string field theory is continuously deformed. At the infrared fixed point of the condensation, the open string field on the...

-As reported in [1], the Material Characteristics in Frequency Domain coupled with a 2 layer feed-forward Neural Network, MCFD/NN, has been successfully applied to soil moisture determination. The results were obtained under controlled laboratory conditions. Extension to open field soil moisture determination has been reported in [2] and it was shown that the MCFD/NN approach gives accurate res...

I review the construction of an action for open superstring field theory which does not suffer from the contact term problems of other approaches. This action resembles a Wess-Zumino-Witten action and can be constructed in a manifestly D=4 super-Poincaré covariant manner. This review is based on lectures given at the ICTP LatinAmerican String School in Mexico City and the Komaba 2000 Workshop i...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES It has been shown in animal studies that repeated exposure to formaldehyde vapour alters behaviour and memory. Since information is not available on the behavioural consequences of acute formaldehyde exposure, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of single inhalative exposure to formaldehyde on the explorative and locomotor behaviour of adult male and fe...

Reactivity to a reward is affected by prior experience with different reinforcer values of that reward, a phenomenon known as incentive relativity. Incentive relativity can be studied via the consummatory successive negative contrast (cSNC) paradigm, in which acceptance of 4% sucrose is assessed in animals that had been exposed to 32% sucrose. These downshifted animals usually exhibit significa...

The goal of the present study was to investigate the role of thigmotaxis (the tendency to remain close to vertical surfaces) in rat exploratory behavior in an open-field. Thigmotaxis was investigated in a parametric way, using 24 experimentally adult naive male Wistar rats (210-230 g). Exploratory behavior was studied in an open-field (N = 12) in 5-min sessions and behavior was analyzed in term...

One of the main issues of risk management is the aggregation of individual risks. A powerful concept to aggregate the risks — the copula function — has been introduced in finance by Embrechts, McNeil, and Straumann [1999,2000]. In their papers, the authors clarify the essential concepts of dependence and correlation and certainly will greatly influence the risk management industry. The goal of ...

In the perturbative formulation of string theory the partition function in the background of D-branes can be expanded as Z string = g,b g −2+2g+b s Z g,b. (1) Here Z g,b is the value of the diagram given by a Riemann surface of genus g with b boundary components. One way to compute the numbers Z g,b is to work in conformal gauge. In this gauge one obtains a conformal field theory (CFT) living o...