Many western manuscripts were written using iron gall inks. These inks can damage the paper via two major mechanisms: (a) acid hydrolysis, enhanced by humidity, and (b) oxidative depolymerization provoked by the presence of oxygen and free iron(II) ions. The degradation of unsized Whatman paper impregnated with different combinations of iron sulfate, gallic acid, and gum arabic was studied at r...

Purpose: To investigate the insecticidal activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum cassis and its main constituent compound, trans-cinnamaldehyde, against the booklice, Liposcelis bostrychophila. Methods: Steam distillation of C. cassis twigs was carried out using a Clavenger apparatus in order to obtain the volatile oils. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analyses (HP-5MS column)...

A wide range of insect repellent formulations, as well as active ingredients, are currently registered for use in Australia. While topical repellents are most common, there are also commercial products in the form of wristbands impregnated with botanical extracts that purport to repel mosquitoes. In laboratory tests, wristbands impregnated with peppermint oil were tested against the mosquito Ae...

Mineral oil is widely used as a dielectric liquid in high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) converter transformers because of its excellent electrical insulating and cooling properties. Due to the low biodegradability high fire risk mineral oil, natural ester gaining considerable interest potential alternative for HVDC transformers. This requires more information thorough understanding behaviors un...

Abstract In order to improve the comprehensive performance of lithium battery separator, cellulose based on separator (mCNS) was prepared by cellulose/nylon 6 with ionic liquid [Emim]Ac as solvent and enhanced polyimide (PI) impregnated solution. The properties modified were investigated. As could be discovered from experimental results that addition PI endowed separators more uniform dense mic...

To evaluate the efficiency of oil-reducing properties kombucha cellulose, enzymolysis and microwave-assisted methods were developed. The water-holding capacity cellulose hydrolysates formed by these two was higher than for intact while oil-holding lower. used to make deep-fried donuts. During this process, added instead 2% flour, from results, oil content donut decreased significantly ~28 15%, ...