PURPOSE Students with cognitive impairment are at increased risk of suffering from visual impairment due to refractive errors and ocular disease, which can adversely influence learning and daily activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ocular and visual status among students at the special education school in Hualien. METHODS All students at the National Hualien Special Educa...

Background: School children are affected by various eye disorders like refractive errors, squint, Vitamin A deficiency and eye infections. Children do not complain of defective vision. Uncorrected refractive errors form the primary cause for visual impairment and blindness in India. This warrants early detection and treatment of these problems to prevent future blindness. Aims: The study was co...

OBJECTIVE To determine the outcome of application of amniotic graft in ocular surface disorders. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from January 2010 to December 2012, and comprised patients with ocular surface disorders. Patients' presenting symptoms and signs were recorded. Previously harvested and frozen amniotic graft was applie...

Optokinetic afternystagmus follows optokinetic nystagmus as an expression of the central velocity storage integrator discharge and its fast phase is beating in the same direction as the previous optokinetic nystagmus. We investigated the correlation between vestibulo-ocular reflex and optokinetic afternystagmus in normal subjects and in patients with bilateral vestibular disorders. The aim of t...

Atopic diseases which include bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and ocular allergic disorders are among the most frequent conditions experienced by patients. Allergic conjunctivitis, an atopic ocular disease, is one of the most common problems encountered in general ophthalmic practice and the only ocular inflammatory disease that represents a pure type-I hypersensitivity ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obstructive sleep apnea is a diagnosis that ophthalmologists can screen for when a patient presents with certain risk factors. Recent literature provides strong data for associations between sleep apnea and ocular disorders. RECENT FINDINGS A potentially serious disorder, sleep apnea can lead to many systemic and ocular complications. Recent findings provide data on the prev...

The term ocular surface disorders indicate a close relationship between the conjunctival and corneal epithelium in many corneal and external diseases. The human amniotic membrane has a thick basement membrane and an avascular stromal matrix and its first ophthalmic use was reported by deRoth for conjunctival surface reconstruction. It was subsequently used for different ophthalmic reasons. Amni...

Quantitative and qualitative disturbances in the composition of ocular surface microbiome can be a significant risk factor for development various ophthalmic disorders, including eyelid inflammation, dry eye syndrome, allergic conjunctivitis. In this publication, we present review data regarding association between dysbiosis these mentioned clinical conditions. Additionally, provide recommendat...

Parts one and two of this series discussed nutritional and botanical treatments for cataracts, glaucoma, and retinal diseases (macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of the newborn, and retinitis pigmentosa). This review discusses nutritional treatments for asthenopia, blepharitis, chalazion, conjunctivitis (including giant papillary conjunctivitis), gyrate atrophy of the choro...