The retarding activity of 6-O-dodecanoyl-D-allose against rice growth was higher than that of the octanoate and the decanoate. The activities of 6-O-dodecanoyl-D-glucose, -D-mannose, and -D-galactose against rice seedlings were examined. 6-O-Dodecanoyl-D-allose exhibited the highest activity, suggesting the importance of the alpha-axial hydroxy group at C-3 of D-allose.

The transesterification of D-allose (the C-3 epimer of D-glucose) with vinyl octanoate using Candida antarctica lipase in tetrahydrofuran proceeded with high regioselectivity to produce 6-O-octanoyl-D-allose with nearly complete conversion. The growth-inhibiting activity of 6-O-octanoyl-D-allose on lettuce seedlings was about 6-fold greater than that of D-allose.

Anaplerotic pyruvate carboxylation was examined in hearts perfused with physiological concentrations of glucose, [U-13C3]lactate, and [U-13C3]pyruvate. Also, a fatty acid, [1-13C]octanoate, or ketone bodies were added at concentrations providing acetyl-CoA at a rate resulting in either low or substantial pyruvate decarboxylation. Relative contributions of pyruvate and fatty acids to citrate syn...

Absolute rates of gluconeogenesis and of the citric acid cycle were assessed in livers isolated from 24-h starved rats, perfused with physiological concentrations of [3-13C]lactate and [3-13C]pyruvate +/- 0.2 mM octanoate. Calculations are based on (i) the 13C-labeling pattern of glutamate determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with isotopomer analysis, (ii) substrate balan...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Lack of simple and repeatable tests hampers gastric emptying studies in rats. The aim of this study was to adapt the (14)C-octanoate solid gastric emptying breath test for application in rats, and to validate it against radioscintigraphic method. METHODS After ingestion of a meal containing 3 mCi (99m)Tc and 2 µCi (14)C-octanoate, 23 male Wistar rats were placed on a gamma cam...

Anaplerotic pyruvate carboxylation was examined in hearts perfused with physiological concentrations of glucose, [U-C3]lactate, and [UC3]pyruvate. Also, a fatty acid, [1-C]octanoate, or ketone bodies were added at concentrations providing acetyl-CoA at a rate resulting in either low or substantial pyruvate decarboxylation. Relative contributions of pyruvate and fatty acids to citrate synthesis ...

In hepatocytes from 1-day-old rats, active gluconeogenesis occurs in parallel with active ketogenesis, although the carbon atoms of non-esterified fatty acids do not participate in glucose synthesis. Once a significant ketogenesis is established, a further increase does not enhance gluconeogenesis. Indeed, octanoate is more ketogenic than oleate, but stimulates gluconeogenesis to a similar extent.

We have previously shown significant dilution of the specific activity of the intracellular acetyl CoA pool when radiolabeled acetate is used as the precursor in liver slice experiments. In the present study, using liver from animals subjected to various manipulations known to alter the rate of cholesterogenesis, the specific activity of the intramitochondrial acetyl CoA pool was 27-49% of the ...