Objective. This article examines racial health disparities among the elderly in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It also explores whether these disparities differ among income groups. Methods. The study follows the conceptual framework developed by LaVeist (1994). A multistage analysis and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition are used to explore the sources of racial disparities in health. Results. White seniors rep...

The In-Hospital Mortality Rates of Slaves and Freemen: Evidence from Touro Infirmary, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1855–1860 Using a rich sample of admission records from New Orleans Touro Infirmary, we examine the in-hospital mortality risk of free and enslaved patients. Despite a higher mortality rate in the general population, slaves were significantly less likely to die in the hospital than the ...

Although HIV and aging are two well-established medical and economic domains, their intersection represents an emerging area of study. Older adults with HIV, who sill comprise 50% of the US HIV-infected population by 2015, are disadvantaged as evidenced by disproportionately poorer health outcomes. The Oaxaca Decomposition Approach (ODA) was used to analyze data from the Research on Older Adult...

Using information from the 2011 census, we analyze the differential in living standards by race, ethnicity, and country of origin in Costa Rica. We identify the main factors explaining such inequalities along the distribution of a composite index of wellbeing, with counterfactual analysis based on Blinder‐Oaxaca type of decomposition. Our results show that mulattoes,...

This paper examines the union premium in wages and overall compensation packages, using a new, nationally representative Japanese micro data set that records individuals’ union status. We find a robust union wage premium for both males and females. An Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition reveals that about one third of union workers’ higher wage is explained by the difference in the wage structures of ...

Background Exploring changes in health inequality and its determinants over time is of policy interest. Accordingly, this study aimed to decompose inequality in neonatal mortality into its contributing factors and then explore changes from 1995-2000 to 2005-2010 in Iran.   Methods Required data were drawn from two Iran’s demographic and health survey (DHS) conducted in 2000 and 2010. Normalized...

The authors assessed the role of economic inequality in visual impairment and decomposed the gap between high and low income groups. Study data were extracted from the first phase of the Shahroud Eye Cohort Study, performed in 2009, with 5,190 participants aged between 40 and 64 years. The participants were divided into low, medium, and high economic groups according to their assets by using a ...

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Use of Drug Therapy The purpose of this research is to explain the variation in the utilization of drug therapy for the medical conditions of depression, high cholesterol, and hypertension between Hispanics, non-Hispanic blacks, and non-Hispanics whites using Oaxaca-type decomposition analysis based on logit estimates. We find that almost the entire share of...

Ethnic Disparities in the Transition to Home Ownership This paper examines ethnic disparities in the transition to home ownership using longitudinal register data from the Netherlands. The study performs a discrete duration model to account for individual and parental background and neighbourhood conditions. Subsequently, the size of explained variance in the home ownership gap between Dutch an...

Data on 778 establishments indicates that firms in Kenya rely on technologies such as computers, generators, and cell-phones to conduct operations when regulations, infrastructure, security, workforce, corruption, and finance pose significant hurdles in the business environment. Obstacles related to regulations, security, and workforce, increase the probability of technology ownership, whereas ...