Traffic accidents are a well-known public health problem worldwide. In Mexico research into risk factors for motor involving vehicles accidents and their consequences has recently been taken into account. The relevant literature does not normally describe the methodological aspects involved in the collection of primary data, since most studies have used secondary data the good quality and valid...

Preface – By Todd Litman This is a seminal article concerning traffic accident cost analysis and vehicle insurance pricing reform by Professor William Vickrey, winner of the 1996 Nobel Prize for economics. It describes how to determine the marginal accident costs of vehicle travel, identifies several problems associated with current insurance pricing and compensation practices, and proposes inn...

A new database system was developed by integrating the license data of all drivers in Japan (80 million drivers) with 11 million road traffic accident data from the year 1995 to 2007 and 130 million road traffic violation data from the year 1993 to 2007 to study the relation between accident/violation experience and accident rates. The results of data analysis using the database are as follows;...

Traffic accidents can have more or less dramatic consequences that involve penal and civil responsibility with amplitude extending over long periods of time. In many cases, substitution of the driver with the passenger in order to avoid criminal responsibility is often remarked. The substitution takes place with the passenger's agreement or, in cases with dramatic consequences (coma or death), ...

We estimate the contamination risks from the atmospheric dispersion of radionuclides released by severe nuclear power plant accidents using the ECHAM/Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) atmospheric chemistry (EMAC) atmospheric chemistry-general circulation model at high resolution (50 km). We present an overview of global risks and also a case study of nuclear power plants that are currently ...

The Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in 2011 led to the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (1F) and subsequent meltdown of the reactor cores of Units 1, 2, and 3. The Japanese project on material accountancy technology development for fuel debris of Units 1-3 of 1F has been implemented under the roadmap, “Mid-and-long-Term Roadmap towards the Decommissioning of Fukushi...

Major and severe accidents have occurred three times in nuclear power plants (NPPs), at Three Mile Island (USA, 1979), Chernobyl (former USSR, 1986) and Fukushima (Japan, 2011). Research on the causes, dynamics, and consequences of these mishaps has been performed in a few laboratories worldwide in the last three decades. Common goals of such research activities are: the prevention of these kin...

Governments and the nuclear power industry have a strong interest in playing down the harmful effects of radiation from atomic weapons and nuclear power plants. Over the years, some scientists have supported the view that low levels of radiation are not harmful, while other scientists have held that all radiation is harmful. The author examines the radiation effects of nuclear bombs dropped on ...

Large-scale radiation accidents are few in number, but those that have occurred have subsequently led to strict regulation in most countries. Here, different accident scenarios involving exposure to radiation have been reviewed. A triage of injured persons has been summarized and guidance on management has been provided in accordance with the early symptoms. Types of casualty to be expected in ...

This report summarizes an assessment of the risks from severe accidents in five commercial nuclear power plants in the United States. These risks are measured in a number of ways, including: the estimated frequencies of core damage accidents from internally initiated accidents and externally initiated accidents for two of the plants; the performance of containment structures under severe accide...