BACKGROUND Previously, we investigated the role of the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) virulence genes NSs and NSm in mosquitoes and demonstrated that deletion of NSm significantly reduced the infection, dissemination, and transmission rates of RVFV in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The specific aim of this study was to further characterize midgut infection and escape barriers of RVFV in Ae. aegypti ...

In this paper, we analyze the Network and System Management (NSM) requirements and NSM data objects for the intrusion detection of power systems; NSM is an IEC 62351-7 standard. We analyze a SYN flood attack and a buffer overflow attack to cause the Denial of Service (DoS) attack described in NSM. After mounting the attack in our attack testbed, we collect a data set, which is based on attribut...

Mesolimbic areas such as nucleus accumbens, amygdala and septal nuclei are known to influence food intake and body weight. However, the reports on gender difference in the neural regulation of obesity and energy homeostasis are incomplete. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of lesions of nucleus septal medialis (NSM) and the gender difference of lesion on food intak...

In this study, a new crossover sine model (CSM) n was developed from a trigonometric model [M. E. Fisher, S. Zinn, and P. J. Upton, Phys. Rev. B 59, 14533 (1999)]. The trigonometric model is a parametric formulation model that is used to represent the thermodynamic variables near a critical point. Although there are other crossover models based on this trigonometric model, such as the CSM and t...

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women. Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) offers the opportunity to preserve the breast envelope and the nipple-areolar complex by removing only breast tissue and avoiding multiple surgical procedures for reconstruction. The objective of this article is to review the oncologic and surgical concerns with NSM, along with the appropriate selection ...

Because of increased risk for nipple necrosis, many surgeons believe large ptotic breasts to be a relative contraindication to nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). A retrospective review was performed on 85 consecutive patients who underwent NSM with 141 immediate perforator free-flap breast reconstructions. We analyzed the subset of patients with large ptotic breasts, defined as cup size C or grea...

BACKGROUND In the literature on nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with one-stage immediate implant reconstruction, contralateral symmetrisation has drawn little attention, with many surgeons still performing standard cosmetic mammaplasty procedures. However, standard implant-based mammaplasty usually does not result in proper symmetry with the mastectomy side, especially regarding breast projecti...

DT40 cells have approx. 10-fold higher Mg2+-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase (NSM) activity in comparison with other B-cell lines and contain very low acidic sphingomyelinase activity. Purification of this activity from DT40 cell membranes suggested the presence of one major NSM isoform. Although complete purification of this isoform could not be achieved, partially purified fractions were ex...

The effects of smoking cigarettes with 30% of the tobacco replaced by NSM tobacco substitute, which lowered their tar and nicotine delivery, were studied by comparing them with the effects of conventional cigarettes in a controlled crossover trial lasting 20 months. Chest symptoms, cigarette consumption, and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured each month. Two-hundred men...

Background/Aims Post-operative ileus (POI) is a common complication of abdominal surgery. DA-9701, an extract of Pharbitis Semen and Corydalis Tuber, is a new prokinetic agent that also alleviates visceral pain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether DA-9701 can ameliorate POI in rats. Methods A total of 32 rats were divided into 4 groups: no surgery/no medication (NSNM), no surgery...