A method of tethering a mediator to an enzymatic membrane was studied. Glucose oxidase (GOD) and ferrocene redox polymer were immobilized in cross-linked poly (vinyl alcohol) (CLPVA) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) added as a protein stabilizer. Redox hydrogel polyallylamine ferrocene was prepared by cross-linking polyallylamine hydrochloride with glutaraldehyde and attaching the ferrocene cova...

“All humanists agree that religion is not based on reason” [1a]. This statement, in many different forms, has been popularized for hundreds of years. A major purpose for the 1978-1979 modeling procedures introduced into theology is to establish that all such statements are false. Jesus Christ is Scripturally described as the “great God and Saviour,” “the only-begotten God,” “the image of the in...

If there is to be a problem of evil, there must be some ethical requirement which is applicable to divine action, and which arguably is not met in the actual world. Once such a requirement has been identified, it becomes the task of the theodicist to argue either that the proposed requirement does not hold, or that the requirement is in fact met. One of the most popular candidates for this role...

Religious priming has been found to have both positive and negative consequences, and recent research suggests that the activation of God-related and community-related religious cognitions may cause outgroup prosociality and outgroup derogation respectively. The present research sought to examine whether reminders of God and religion have different effects on attitudes towards ingroup and outgr...

This paper contrasts materialism and theism in their ability to give a plausible account of mathematics. The ideal, abstract entities of mathematics do not fit readily within a materialist world. Truth, logic, and mathematics require the existence of universal norms. However, materialism has no place for abstract entities or universal norms. How can such ideal norms, inert in themselves, influe...

Forgiveness. The Bible says we have offended a holy God and that we need to be forgiven of that offense before we can be in fellowship with God. There are not many ways to receive such forgiveness, because only the One who has been offended can forgive us of our offense (Mark 2:5-7). Jesus alone paid the penalty for our sin through His death on the cross (2 Cor. 5:21). He thereby cleared the wa...

N one of the historic creeds and confessions and none of today’s theologies stress adequately five critical points concerning the Spirit of God: the Spirit who was “not yet” before the Lord Jesus was glorified (John 7:39); the last Adam (the incarnate Christ) becoming a life-giving Spirit (1 Cor. 15:45b); the compound Spirit typified by the anointing ointment (Exo. 30:23-25); the Spirit of life...

In contemporary philosophy of religion, it is customary to think of God as an individual person, who exists in time, and is related to things in the world not only as their cause but also in various respects as their effect.1 On the whole, this model has displaced the so-called 'classical' account, according to which God is pure being and therefore 'simple'. Two kinds of consideration lie behin...

According to the much-discussed argument from divine hiddenness, God’s existence is disconfirmed by the fact that not everyone believes in God. The argument has provoked an impressive range of theistic replies, but none has overcome – or, I suggest, could overcome – the challenge posed by the uneven distribution of theistic belief around the world, a phenomenon for which naturalistic explanatio...