Excavations at Surezha, on the Erbil plain in Iraqi Kurdistan, yielded 89 sherds of Dalma style pottery from 5th millennium BC contexts. ceramics are widespread northwestern Iran but occur only rarely west Zagros northeastern Iraq. To understand significance we document their forms, production technology, and decorative style. We use Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis petrography to deter...

Silica fibres from the inflorescence bracts of the grass Phalaris canariensis L. cause dermatitis, and have been implicated in the aetiology of oesophageal cancer in northeastern Iran. Here we describe a method for labelling these fibres so that they can be located in mammalian tissue. Fluorescein was covalently linked to isolated, purified fibres with the silane coupling agent 3-aminopropyl tr...

Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is an important cause of bacterial food poisoning worldwide. The disease is caused by C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) encoded by cpe gene. The aim of this research was to identify the different types of C. perfringens and the presence of cpe gene in isolated bacteria from broilers' meat marketed in retail meat shops of Mashhad city in Northeastern of Ir...

BACKGROUND Leucocytozoonosis is a disease of birds caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus Leucocytozoon. We determined the prevalence of Leucocytozoon spp. using light and transmission electron microscopy in domestic birds in southwest of Iran. METHODS A total of 825 blood smears from 275 birds were examined for presence of infection. The structure morphology of Leucocytozoon ...

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which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective: High prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) infection in the northeastern of Iran has been proven. However, there is no overall estimation of the infection in the country. This systematic review was conducted to make an accurate estimation...

BACKGROUND Toxocariasis is an important disease caused by the larvae of parasitic worms such as Toxocara canis and T. cati. Public parks can be the source of toxocariasis for small children. This survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of Toxocara spp. ova in parks of Mashhad and Khaf northeastern Iran. METHODS In this descriptive cross-sectional study, performed in November 2011 to ...

Phlebotomus argentipes Annandale and Brunetti (Diptera : Psychodidae) is the major Indian vector of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by Leishmania donovani. However, whilst the geographic range of P. argentipes extends from Iran and Afghanistan in the west to Malaysia and Indonesia in the southeast1, VL is confined to northeastern and southern India, and neighbouring Nepal and Bangladesh2,3....

Members of the genus Gongylonema  are nematodes that commonly infect ruminants, particularly sheep and goats. An 11-year-old donkey mare was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, northeastern Iran, with a history of acute colitis. At post-mortem examination, there were several white to pink zigzag tracks in the muco...

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is highly prevalent among the Turkman people in Northeastern Iran. In order to evaluate its etiology, there is an on-going prospective cohort study in this area involving approximately 50000 subjects over the age of 40 years. The majority of these subjects are illiterate, thus obtaining informed consent is very important and difficult. METHODS Initially, we explai...