Background: Caesarean section, C-section, or caesarean birth is the surgical delivery of a baby through cut (incision) in mother's abdomen and uterus. It's procedure utilized when vaginal isn't possible safe, health mother infant at risk. section rates range from 0.4 to 40% different countries, trend has been growing over previous 30 years. These increases have linked number factors. The purpos...

BACKGROUND The best mode of delivery in cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with umbilical artery blood flow changes is not well elucidated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate outcome in IUGR with umbilical artery blood flow changes planned for vaginal delivery after a negative oxytocin challenge test (OCT). METHODS In 84 term singleton pregnancies with suspected IUGR and no unanimous indica...

objective: this study assessed the influence of maternal request on elective cesarean rate and related factors in maternity hospitals in tehran. materials and method: this cross sectional descriptive analytic study was performed via a two-step random sampling technique, using data from 824 pregnant women who attended the maternity hospitals in tehran in 2001. a questionnaire covering past and p...

delivery of exogenous materials such as nucleic acids, peptides, proteins, and drugs into cells is an important strategy in modern cellular and molecular biology. recently, the development of gene carriers for efficient gene transfer into cells has attracted a great attention. furthermore, lack of effective drug delivery is one of the major problems of cancer chemotherapy. many physical methods...

objective: this study focused on the factors affecting the institutional delivery and delivery assisted by health professionals in urban slums. materials and methods: a semi-structured questionnaire was developed to collect information from women aged 15-49 who had at least one birth. totally 540 eligible women were interviewed. results: the results showed that around 20% of women delivered at ...

conclusions the present study showed that the 59-item meavdq was a valid and reliable questionnaire for the assessment of women’s attitudes toward medical ethics application in vaginal childbirth. this tool might assist specialists in making a judgment and plan appropriate for women in vaginal delivery management. patients and methods this methodological study was carried out in iran in 2013 - ...