In this paper, a method of domain wall characterization in ferroelectrics through Cherenkov second harmonic generation by localized nonlinearities is proposed. By this method, domain wall width is estimated to be less than 10nm. High spatial angular resolution of about 10 mrad in the experiment reveals the fine structures of the domain walls. Combined with scanning techniques, this method can r...

Nondestructive evaluation of materials, the science of identifying the physical and mechanical properties of materials without altering their end-use capabilities, is valuable in defining relationships between properties and performance of materials. Nondestructive evaluation techniques using these relationships have current industrial applications. They are used for machine stress rating of lu...

A major limitation in tissue engineering is the lack of nondestructive methods that assess the development of tissue scaffolds undergoing preconditioning in bioreactors. Due to significant optical scattering in most scaffolding materials, current microscope-based imaging methods cannot "see" through thick and optically opaque tissue constructs. To address this deficiency, we developed a fiber-o...

ultrasonic testing (ut), a nondestructive testing (ndt) method, is under development for quality determination of agricultural products, although it has long been used in the food industry. determination and measurement of product quality are important in modern agricultural research. noninvasive/nondestructive quality determination is a novel aspect of the postharvest process in which paramete...

A new method to determine the degree of deacetylation (DD) of alpha-chitin and chitosan in the range of 17-94% DD using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is proposed. The results were calibrated using (1)H NMR spectroscopy for chitosan and FTIR for chitin, in comparison with the potentiometric titration method. The results showed a good linear correlation between the CrI020 from XRD and the calibr...