Smart urban-level applications require high-fidelity and high-resolution models. This circumstance has raised the interest in computational models of mass, energy, and information flows in the urban context. Toward this end, we focus in the present contribution on a multilayered approach to urban energy computing. The variance in the spatial and temporal resolution of the queries' purpose and i...

XML Canonicalization enables reliable textual and binary comparison of XML documents through the removal of irrelevant differences in structure and content. Though XML Canonicalization is critical for XML Signatures, it also has value in other XML applications such as version control. Currently, the approach to XML Canonicalization is to write a single specification that details how all parts o...

Web browser users return to Web pages for various reasons. Apart from pages visited due to backtracking, they typically have a number of favorite/important pages that they monitor or tasks that reoccur on an infrequent basis. In this paper, we introduce the architecture of a system that facilitates revisitations through the effective prediction of the next page request. It consists of three lay...

This paper describes a layered approach to selection and use of open standards which is being developed to support development work within the UK higher and further educational communities. This approach reflects the diversity of the technical environment, the service provider's environment, user requirements and maturity of standards by separating contextual aspects; technical and non-technica...

We present evidence for the importance of low-level phenomena in dialogue interaction and use this to motivate a multi-layered approach to dialogue processing. We describe an architecture that separates content-level communicative processes from interaction-level phenomena (such as feedback, grounding, turn-management), and provide details of specific implementations of a number of such phenomena.

We propose a novel three-layered approach for semantic segmentation of building facades. In the first layer, starting from an oversegmentation of a facade, we employ the recently introduced machine learning technique Recursive Neural Networks (RNN) to obtain a probabilistic interpretation of each segment. In the second layer, initial labeling is augmented with the information coming from specia...

We propose a framework for extracting structure from stereo which represents the scene as a collection of approximately planar layers. Each layer consists of an explicit 3D plane equation, a colored image with per-pixel opacity (a sprite), and a per-pixel depth offset relative to the plane. Initial estimates of the layers are recovered using techniques taken from parametric motion estimation. T...

The integration of digital components into clothing is becoming an increasingly important segment in wearable computing research. The first indications for this trend are the incorporation of existing mobile technologies, such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) or mobile phones, into jackets via flexible textile circuits. In the long term, other components could also be envisioned that are e...

This paper discusses the stackable layers approach to le system design. With this approach, a le system is constructed from several layers, each implementing one portion of the le system well. Each layer is bounded above and below by an identical interface framework. The symmetry of the interface, coupled with run-time stack deenition, make layer conngura-tion exible and facilitate experimentat...