Background: During the initial phase of an infection, there is an upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the macrophages for the production of nitric oxide. This is followed by the recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) which release arginase. Arginase competes with inducible nitric oxide synthase for a common substrate L-arginine. Objective: To investigate whethe...

background: lithium has been the treatment of choice for bipolar disorder (bd) for many years. although erectile dysfunction is a known adverse effect of this drug, the mechanism of action by which lithium affects erectile function is still unknown. objective: the aim was to investigate the possible involvement of nitric oxide (no) in modulatory effect of lithium on penile erection (pe). we fur...

objective(s): analgesic effects of oxytocin and it's the other physiological effects were well-known. the aim of present study was determination of nitric oxide role on analgesic effects of oxytocin in mice. materials and methods: 216 male albino mice were divided randomly into two experimental groups, tail flick and formalin test. each experimental group consists of three main groups incl...

statement of the problem periodontal disease is a periodontal tissue inflammation caused by gram-negative and other bacteria. the release of various cytokins and mediators, including nitric oxide, in the inflammation area usually has determental effects on the periodontium, potentiating the inflammatory process. in order to prevent this side effect, investigatiors have used anti-oxidants such a...

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Leishmania (L.), using the macrophage as the main host cell where it can survive and replicate. The infection outcome depends on the balance between the ability of the host to activate the macrophage microbocidal mechanisms to kill the parasite, and the pathogen’s ability to suppress the host immune response and su...

For maintenance conform processing of brittle materials (ceramics, glass), the resulting chips are not continuous, as in case soft and tough materials, it is called a chip removal range. In this machining zone, quality produced surface may decline (appears cracks pitting material) tool life also decreases. When defining cutting technology (technological parameters, edges, cooling / lubrication,...

endo-derived nitric oxide (no) is synthesized from l-arginine by endothelium nitric oxide synthase (enos). since reduced no synthesis has been implicated in the development of coronary atherosclerosis; we hypothesized that polymorphisms of nos gene might be associated with increased susceptibility to this disorder and coronary artery disease (cad). we studied the 27 base pair tandem repeat poly...

background: respiratory distress syndrome and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn are common acquired diseases in preterm infants. in the past several years, randomized controlled trials (rcts) have indicated that inhaled nitric oxide (ino) can potentially lower for both the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) and mortality in affected infants. other research has, however...

background:   astrocytes are cells within the central nervous system which are activated  in a wide spectrum of infections,  and  autoimmune and  neurodegenerative diseases.in pathologic states, they produce  inflammatory cytokines, chemokines,  and  nitric oxide (no), and sometimes  they induce apoptosis.their protease-activated receptors (pars) can be activated by proteases, e.g.thrombin and ...