The purpose of this study is to develop a formulation for a once-a-day peroral application with controlled release of nitrendipine. The second aim of the study is to define by the use of modelling and computer simulation those critical points in the development of the formulation, the knowledge and controlling of which brings a rationalisation in the sense of time and material.

Acetylcholine (ACh) induces hyperpolarization and dilation in a variety of blood vessels, including the cochlear spiral modiolar artery (SMA) via the endothelium-derived hyperpolarization factor (EDHF). We demonstrated previously that the ACh-induced hyperpolarization in the SMA originated in the endothelial cells (ECs) by activating a Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel (K(Ca)); the hyperpolarizatio...

Background: Dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers (dCCBs) were widely used in anithypertensive treatment. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of polymorphisms of CACNA1C, eNOS and RGS2 on the antihypertensive efficiency of dihydropyridine calcium channel blocks (dCCBs) in Chinese patients with essential hypertension (EH). Methods: A total of 107 untreated Chinese mild to moderate...

Background: The authors previously reported that the isoflurane-caused reduction of the carbachol-evoked cytoplasmic Ca transient increase ([Ca ]cyt) was eliminated by K or caffeine-pretreatment. In this study the authors investigated whether the isoflurane-sensitive component of the carbacholevoked [Ca ]cyt transient involved Ca 2 influx through the plasma membrane. Methods: Perfused attached ...

BACKGROUND Although calcium-channel antagonists have been proposed as prophylaxis to prevent radiocontrast-induced nephropathy, the dose and dose interval to achieve a protective effect have not been quantified in humans. METHODS In a randomized, double-blind protocol we studied urinary enzyme and microprotein excretion in 121 outpatients (mean age 65.3 +/- 9.3 years, 62% male) with normal re...

BACKGROUND In 1988, the Systolic Hypertension in China (Syst-China) Collaborative Group initiated the placebo-controlled Syst-China trial to investigate whether antihypertensive drug treatment could reduce the incidence of fatal and nonfatal stroke in older Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension. OBJECTIVES To explore (1) whether the benefits of active treatment were evenly dist...

The intracellular Ca2+ stores and the mechanisms of Ca2+ entry produced by norepinephrine (NE) were investigated in small mesenteric resistance arteries of the rat. In Ca2+-free medium, NE (10 μM) elicited a transient increase in both intracellular free Ca2+concentration ([Ca2+]i) and tension that were both drastically reduced by caffeine and only partially reduced by the two sarco(endo)plasmic...

Does the MOSES Study Provide Sufficient Evidence for Eprosartan Against Nitrendipine? To the Editor: We read the article by Dr Schrader et al1 with great interest. Their conclusion, “MOSES does reveal protective effects of Eprosartan over Nitrendipine,” hinges entirely on the analysis of the primary end point, which includes recurrent events (cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, and all-c...