GIFT-COFB is a lightweight AEAD scheme and submission to the ongoing NIST cryptography standardization process where it currently competes as finalist. The construction processes 128-bit blocks with key nonce of same size has small register footprint, only requiring single additional 64-bit register. Besides block cipher, mode operation uses bit permutation finite field multiplication different...

Abstract FrodoKEM is a lattice-based key encapsulation mechanism, currently semi-finalist in NIST’s post-quantum standardisation effort. A condition for these candidates to use NIST standards sources of randomness (i.e. seed-expanding), and as such most utilise SHAKE, an XOF defined the SHA-3 standard. However, many candidates, this module significant implementation bottleneck. Trivium lightwei...

The standardized Authentication and Key Agreement protocol for 5G networks (5G AKA) have several security privacy vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel authentication key agreement beyond that is compatible with the AKA. Our has properties, e.g., perfect forward secrecy, resistance against linkability attacks, protection malicious SNs. Moreover, both user identity secrecy are handl...

Associate Professor of Economics, Simmons College. The author would like to thank Caroline Hoxby, Andy Reschovsky, and Bob Tannenwald for their helpful comments on earlier versions , and she is grateful to Lora Slo-mich for her able research assistance on this paper. Theories of Interjurisdictional Competition. .. one of the great strengths of federalism is the opportunity it presents for the d...

Electronic-commerce (e-commerce) has become a provider of distinctive services to individuals and companies due the speed flexibility transferring orders completing commercial deals across far different places. However, increasing attacks on penetrating transaction information or tampering with e-commerce requests, interest in protecting this hiding it from tamperers extremely important. In add...

All cryptography systems have a True Random Number Generator (TRNG). In the process of validating, these are necessary for prototyping in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). However, TRNG uses an entropy source based on non-deterministic effects challenging to replicate FPGA. This work shows problems and solutions implement frequency collapse multimodal Ring Oscillators (RO). The implemented ...

Very recently, a key exchange scheme called HK17 was submitted to NIST as a candidate of the standard of post-quantum cryptography. The HK17 scheme employs some hypercomplex numbers as the basic objects, such as quaternions and octonions. In this paper, we show that HK17 is insecure since a passive adversary can recover the shared key in polynomial time.

The main purpose of science is simplicity, and as we understand more things, everything is becoming simpler. Edward Teller Cryptography is the study of mathematical techniques that ensure the confidentiality and integrity of information. This relatively new field started out as classified military technology, but has now become commonplace in our daily lives. Cryptography is not only used in ba...