In this study, we identified Cryptosporidium species and genotypes present in dairy cattle in the central region of São Paulo state, Brazil. Fecal specimens were collected from 200 animals (100 calves and 100 cows) in ten dairy farms. Fecal samples were examined using microscopic examination (ME), enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cryptosporidium species and genotype...

BACKGROUND Failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) is the underlying predisposing risk factor for most early losses in dairy calves. Refractometers, either optical or digital, can be used to assess FTPI as a part of calf health monitoring program on dairy operations. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the performance of and differences between digital Brix and optical refractometers for assessing ...

this study was performed to determine the effect of injecting selenium into pregnant heifers at the last stage of gestation on the serum se, cu, zn and fe status of the heifers and their calves. fifty holstein heifers were randomly assigned to one of five treatments. four and two weeks before the expected time of calving, the heifers were injected intramuscularly 10 ml (t1), 20 ml (t2), 30 ml (...

Dairy calves are extremely susceptible to gastrointestinal disease during the preweaned period. The risk for enteric disease decreases as the calf ages; therefore, it is important to break the pre-weaned period up into at least 2 distinct phases that likely need to be managed differently, early life (first couple weeks of life) and the remaining time the calf is fed milk or milk replacer. When ...

Persistent dermatomycosis (ringworm) caused by Trichophyton verrucosum affected 20 dairy calves aged between 3 months and 1 year and housed together. The infection also spread to 2 animal attendants working among the calves. The major clinical lesions observed on the affected calves were extensive alopecia and/or circumscribed thick hairless skin patches affecting the head, neck, flanks and lim...

 Take Home Messages  The most dramatic physiological changes occur during birth and death.  Calves born without assistance experience hypoxia (low arterial blood oxygen), acidosis, and frequently hypothermia. Dystocia calves experience the same changes but to a greater degree.  Dystocia has an immediate and prolonged effect on the health and productivity of calves.  Perinatal mortality due...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of tannic acid on some performance traits and nutrient digestibility in Holstein dairy calves. A total of 20 seven days old Holstein calves were randomly assigned to 4 experimental treatments with 5 calves each. The treatments were as follows: 1) basal diet formulated to meet all nutritional requirement of calves according to NRC (20...

Respiratory disease is an important problem in bovine neonates. Early detection of clinical disease is challenging. In the newborn calf, mucous membrane color, character and frequency of the respiratory effort, thoracic auscultation, and ability to oxygenate are critical elements of the examination to determine whether or not respiratory disease is present. Within a few days of birth, screening...

The aims of this study were to estimate mortality rates in Norwegian dairy calves and young stock up to 1 yr of age, identify risk factors for calf mortality, and evaluate the etiology of calf mortality based on postmortem analyses. The material comprised 3 data sets. The first data set included information on 289,038 offspring in 14,474 dairy herds registered in the Norwegian Dairy Herd Record...