As a neutron star spins down, the nuclear matter continuously is converted into quark matter due to the core density increase and then latent heat is released. We have investigated the thermal evolution of neutron stars undergoing such deconfinement phase transition. We have taken into account the conversion in the frame of the general theory of relativity. The released energy has been estimate...

In the atmospheric plasma of a strongly magnetized neutron star, vacuum polarization can induce a Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein type resonance across which an x-ray photon may (depending on its energy) convert from one mode into the other, with significant changes in opacities and polarizations. We show that this vacuum resonance effect gives rise to a unique energy-dependent polarization signat...

The fraction of delayed neutrons in a moderated beam from the enriched uranium, pulsed spallation source at the intense pulsed neutron source at Argonne National Laboratory has been measured and found to be 0.0283 for 450-MeV protons. Delayed neutrons produce a sample-dependent background in time-of-flight instruments . Because of the distribution of neutron wavelengths in the prompt pulse, the...

It is suggested that the persistent X-ray emission from the soft γ-ray repeaters is the thermal radiation of neutron stars which is enhanced by a factor of 10 or more due to the effect of a very strong magnetic field on the thermal structure of the neutron star envelope. For the thermal luminosity to be consistent with the persistent X-ray luminosity, the field strength at the neutron star surf...

We investigate the effect of the density-dependent proton and neutron gaps on vortex dynamics in neutron stars. We argue that the persistence of neutron star magnetic fields on timescales of 10 y suggests a superconducting gap curve with local maximum at intermediate density. We discuss the implications for exotic core phenomena such as pion/kaon condensation or a transition to quark matter. ∗h...

Prior studies revealed neutron beam-induced alkali-metal spin relaxation in He cells polarized in-situ by spin-exchange optical pumping. These effects are minor for neutron beams of low to moderate intensity, but become important at the highest neutron flux levels available in the full spectrum beams of high flux neutron sources. It was found that the relaxation consisted of a fast and a slow c...

background: to evaluate the effects of hyperthermia (ht) on the frequency of chromosomal aberrations induced by a low dose of neutron or γ-rays in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. materials and methods: blood samples were exposed to ht (41.5°c for 30 and 60min, 43°c for 15 and 30min), 10 cgy neutron or γ-rays, ht + neutron/γ, and neutron/γ + ht. after standard cell culture, harvesting, fixat...

The question as to whether neutron acceleration can occur in uniform electromagnetic fields is examined. Although such an effect has been predicted using the canonical equations of motion some doubt has been raised recently as to whether it is in principle observable for a spin 1/2 particle. To resolve this issue a gedanken experiment is proposed and analyzed using a wave packet construction fo...

Recent extensive and systematic numerical experiments have uncovered new insights into plasma focus fusion devices including the following: (1) a plasma current limitation effect, as device static inductance is reduced towards very small values; (2) scaling laws of neutron yield and soft x-ray yield as functions of storage energies and currents; (3) a global scaling law for neutron yield as a f...

The deconfinement phase transition which happens in the interior of neutron stars are investigated. Coupled with the spin evolution of the stars, the effect of entropy production and deconfinement heat generation during the deconfinement phase transition in the mixed phase of the neutron stars are discussed. The entropy production of deconfinement phase transition can be act as a signature of p...