Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) are a rare malignancy. Many patients will present with metastatic disease most commonly to the liver. Currently the standard of care for treatment of liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is surgical resection. However, only few patients are candidates for surgical resection and require alternative options. Given the rarity of this disease; d...

The appendixis the second primary site for neuroendocrine tumors. The management of incidentelly discovered neuroendocrine tumor of the appendiceal base less than 20 mm in diameter is still controversal. The aim of this study was to discuss the management of such tumors. Three patients were operated on for acute appendicitis. Histopathologic examination of surgery specimens revealed neuroendocr...

Summary Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are a heterogeneous group of tumors. There several classification systems, and all them have been validated.The article aims to summarize the existing systems gastroenteropancreatic tumors.A critical evaluation was based on data available from studies.The European tumor society is one with clinical benefits.The lack unified creates incomplete...

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are a heterogeneous group of carcinomas that remain difficult to treat with conventional cytotoxic regimens. The 2014 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium brought us new insights into the management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The focus of this review will serve to highlight specific Abs...

Neuroendocrine tumors are either epithelial or neural in origin. Neuroendocrine tumors of the retroperitoneum are mostly metastatic. Primary epithelial neuroendocrine tumors of the retroperitoneum are exceedingly rare. We describe a case of a retroperitoneal tumor that was discovered incidentally during exploratory laparotomy for small-bowel obstruction. Histopathologic and immunochemical analy...

Introduction. Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are slow-growing and rare tumors with different clinical, histological, biological characteristics an increased incidence in recent years. Most them indolent colonic NENs among all GIT-NENs. Compared to colorectal adenocarcinoma neuroendocrine colon sigmoid uncommon. Case outline. We present a 25-year-old female p...

BACKGROUND In 1999, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung was introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a new tumor entity in the group of non-small cell, epithelial tumors, a differentiated classification of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung not existing until this time. Scientific knowledge on prognosis and therapy of these tumors, especially between those with neuroendoc...

BACKGROUND The Leukemia related protein 16 gene (LRP16) localized on chromosome 11q12.1, is an important estrogen-responsive gene and a crucial regulator for NF-kB activation. LRP16 is frequently expressed in human cancers; however, the LRP16 gene remains unexplored in lung neuroendocrine tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of LRP16 expression in primary lung neuroendocrin...

OBJECTIVE To establish reproducible electron microscopic criteria for identifying the four major types of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung: carcinoid; atypical carcinoid; large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; and small cell carcinoma. METHODS Measurements were made on electron micrographs using a digital image analyzer. Sixteen morphometric variables related to tumor cell differentiation were...