Named entity recognition (NER) is a knowledge-intensive information extraction task that is used for recognizing textual mentions of entities that belong to a predefined set of categories, such as locations, organizations and time expressions. NER is a challenging, difficult, yet essential preprocessing technology for many natural language processing applications, and particularly crucial for l...

Recent experiments have strongly suggested that the process of somatic mutation is linked to transcription initiation. It was postulated that a mutator factor loads onto the RNA polymerase and, during elongation, causes transcriptional arrest that activates DNA repair, thus occasionally causing errors in the DNA sequence. We report the analysis of the role of one of the known DNA repair systems...

Recognizing and extracting exact name entities, like Persons, Locations and Organizations are very useful to mining information from text. Learning to extract names in natural language text is called Named Entity Recognition (NER) task. Proper named entity recognition and extraction is important to solve most problems in hot research area such as Question Answering and Summarization Systems, In...

The majority of research on Arabic Named Entity Recognition (NER) addresses the the task for newswire genre, where the language used is Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), however, the need to study this task in social media is becoming more vital. Social media is characterized by the use of both MSA and Dialectal Arabic (DA), with often code switching between the two language varieties. Despite some...

Named Entity Recognition(NER) is the process of identifying and classifying all proper noun into pre-defined classes such as persons, locations, organization and others. Work on NER in Indian languages is a difficult and challenging task and also limited due to scarcity of resources, but it has started to appear recently. In this paper we present a brief overview of NER and its issues in the In...

Mongolian named entity recognition (NER) is not only one of the most crucial and fundamental tasks in natural language processing, but also an important step to improve performance downstream such as information retrieval, machine translation, dialog system. However, traditional NER models heavily rely on feature engineering. Even worse, complex morphological structure words makes data sparser....

A wide spectrum of DNA lesions are repaired by the nucleotide-excision repair (NER) pathway in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. We have developed a cell-free system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that supports NER. NER was monitored by measuring repair synthesis in DNA treated with cisplatin or with UV radiation. Repair synthesis in vitro was defective in extracts of rad1, rad2, and rad10 mu...

Long interspersed elements 1 (L1) are active mobile elements that constitute almost 17% of the human genome. They amplify through a "copy-and-paste" mechanism termed retrotransposition, and de novo insertions related to these elements have been reported to cause 0.2% of genetic diseases. Our previous data demonstrated that the endonuclease complex ERCC1-XPF, which cleaves a 3' DNA flap structur...

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) removes UV-induced photoproducts and numerous other DNA lesions in a highly conserved 'cut-and-paste' reaction that involves approximately 25 core components. In addition, several other proteins have been identified which are dispensable for NER in vitro but have an undefined role in vivo and may act at the interface of NER and other cellular processes. An intri...

The eukaryotic global genomic nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) pathway is the major mechanism that removes most bulky and some nonbulky lesions from cellular DNA. There is growing evidence that certain DNA lesions are repaired slowly or are entirely resistant to repair in cells, tissues, and in cell extract model assay systems. It is well established that the eukaryotic DNA lesion-sensing pr...