Neonates are particularly susceptible to a number of infections, and the neonatal CD8+ T-cell response demonstrates differences in both the phenotype and magnitude of responses to infection compared with adults. However, the underlying basis for these differences is unclear. We have used a mathematical modeling approach to analyze the dynamics of neonatal and adult CD8+ T-cell responses followi...

Background: Having presented brief epidemiology of neonatal infection and patho-physiology of neonatal sepsis in the first part of this review we now address the difficulties in defining, diagnosing and treating neonatal

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vaginal group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization in pregnant women from Osijek area, the possible effect of GBS colonization on pregnancy outcome and neonatal complications and the role of intrapartum prophylaxis in this context. This retrospective case-control study took place at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Osijek Univers...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major viral pathogen that causes severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants and the elderly worldwide. Infants with severe RSV bronchiolitis tend to experience more wheezing and asthma in later childhood. Because invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are associated with the asthma pathology, we investigated whether neonatal iNKT cells are invol...

BACKGROUND Studies of the diagnostic accuracy of most laboratory tests for early-onset neonatal sepsis have yielded variable results. We investigated whether some of this variation might be attributable to differences in population baseline severity and risk status as well as to specific ante- and perinatal variables, independent of the presence of neonatal infection. METHODS The Score for Ne...

Escherichia coli (E. coli) K1 sepsis and meningitis is a severe infection characterized by high mortality in neonates. Successful colonization and translocation across the intestinal mucosa have been regarded as the critical steps for E. coli K1 sepsis and meningitis. We recently reported that the probiotic mixture, Golden Bifido (containing live Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium, and S...

objective(s) in the last few years, serum procalcitonin has been proposed as an early marker of infections in neonates, with varying results. in this study, we aimed to investigate the value of procalcitonin, and c- reactive protein in establishing the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. materials and methods blood samples were collected at admission from 69 neonates with suspected infection (admitte...

Introduction: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) or Human Herpes Virus Type-5(HHV-5) is a member of herpesviridae placed in subtype beta herpesvirinae. CMV is a ubiquitous pathogenic virus and can infect humans all through their life. Prevalence of CMV infection in developed countries is about 45% and in developing countries it varies up to 100%. CMV infection during pregnancy is very important, beca...

Introduction: Although warm water is used for labor pain reduction, there is controversy regarding the potential complications of water birth. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate fetal and neonatal complications of water birth versus those observed in conventional modes of delivery. Methods:This clinical randomized trial was performed on 200 pregnant women at Mashhad Omolbanin Hosp...

Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been known as the most common cause for congenital infections worldwide which can lead to death in fetus and neonates as well as neuropsychiatric deficits. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of congenital CMV infection in newly born neonates and to evaluate the medical outcomes. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 868 neon...