Pneumonia is the third leading cause of neonatal death in Sub-Saharan Africa, however systematic reviews of newborn mortality in this region are lacking [1–6]. The majority of cases occur in developing world countries, which have no formal reporting system for these deaths, many of which occur at home [7, 8]. We sought to determine the predictors of mortality in a hospitalized cohort of infants...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypoxic/ischemic (HI) brain injury affects 1 to 6 per 1000 live human births, with a mortality of 15% to 20%. A quarter of survivors have permanent disabilities. Hypothermia is the only intervention that improves outcome; however, further improvements might be obtained by combining hypothermia with additional treatments. Xenon is a noble anesthetic gas with an excellent s...

Neuroprotection is a major health care priority, given the enormous burden of human suffering and financial cost caused by perinatal brain damage. With the advent of hypothermia as therapy for term hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, there is hope for repair and protection of the brain after a profound neonatal insult. However, it is clear from the published clinical trials and animal studies that...

AIM To determine whether moderate hypothermia, applied after a hypoxic-ischaemic insult in neonatal rats, reduces cerebral damage. METHOD Unilateral hypoxic-ischaemic brain damage was induced in 7 day old rats by left carotid ligation, followed by 120 minutes of normothermic exposure to 8% O2, followed by random selection to three hours of hypothermia (rectal temperature, mean (SD), 32.5 (0.4...