On the basis of parallel in vitro studies with antibiotic G-418, gentamicin, neomycin, and kanamycin, antibiotic G-418 was found to be less potent than gentamicin but more active than either kanamycin or neomycin against most strains, with the exception of Pseudomonas, for which neomycin was more active than antibiotic G-418, and enterococci, for which antibiotic G-418 was more active than the ...

We present here a new set of aminoglycoside-arginine conjugates (AACs) that are either site-specific or per-arginine conjugates of paromomycin, neamine, and neomycin B as well as their structure-activity relationships. Their binding constants (KD) for TAR and RRE RNAs, measured by fluorescence anisotropy, revealed dependence on the number and location of arginines in the different aminoglycosid...

A recombinant plasmid was constructed by ligation of chromosomal DNA from a sulfanilamide-resistant strain of Bacillus subtilis to the plasmid vector pUB110 which specifies neomycin resistance. Recombinant molecules generated in vitro were introduced into a B. subtilis recipient strain which carried the recE4 mutation, and selection was for neomycin-sulfanilamide-resistant transformants. A sing...

Renomedullary interstitial cells cultured from the Dahl salt-resistant rat have higher levels of basal cytosolic calcium and prostaglandin E2 and are more responsive to vasopressin than interstitial cells from the Dahl salt-sensitive rat. We examined the potential role of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis in mediating these differences. Vasopressin-induced increases in labeled inositol phosphate...

The effects of neomycin on isometric contractions induced by norepinephrine (NE), alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine (PE), KCl, and an activator of GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) NaF were studied in the isolated canine cervical lymphatic vessel (CLV). Incubation of the CLV with 0.3 or 1.3 mmol/l neomycin for 30-180 min did not affect significantly either the basal vascular tone or th...

Mechanosensory hair cells are susceptible to apoptotic death in response to exposure to ototoxic drugs, including aminoglycoside antibiotics. The c-Jun n-terminal kinase (JNK) is a stress-activated protein kinase that can promote apoptotic cell death in a variety of systems. Inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway can prevent aminoglycoside-induced death of cochlear and vestibular sensory hair ...

The carboxylic groups of glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues of catalase (CAT) were chemically modified using the treatment of the enzyme with 1-ethyl-3-(3'-dimethylamino) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and neomycin. The effect of covalent attachment of neomycin on the enzymatic activity, conformational and aggregation properties of CAT was investigated. The modification of CAT with diff...

Neomycin, an aminoglycoside, is use at farm level for Escherichia coli treatment of piglets postweaning diarrhea, with 40% of unsuccessfully treatment due to the antimicrobial resistance. To overcome this situation, veterinarians use colistin also call polymyxin E, but this antibiotic is not homologated in Canada, even if it seems to be effective against E.coli. The described resistance to poly...

This study investigates the interaction of the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin with the slow vacuolar (SV) channel in vacuoles from Arabidopsis thaliana mesophyll cells. Patch-clamp experiments in the excised patch configuration revealed a complex pattern of neomycin effects on the channel: applied at concentrations in the submicromolar to millimolar range neomycin (a) blocked macroscopic SV...