The feasibility of counting plant-parasitic nematodes in aqueous suspensions by measuring light transmittance through aqueous suspensions with an ELISA microplate reader was explored. Absorbance readings for eggs or vermiform stages of three species were linearly related (R(2) > 0.99) to concentrations between 0 and 10,000 nematodes/ml. Coefficients of variation ranged from 12-23%, depending on...

BACKGROUND Species of Cephalotaxus (the plum yews) produce nematotoxic compounds of unknown identity. Consequently, bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to identify the compound(s) in Cephalotaxus fortunei twigs and leaves with activity against plant-parasitic nematodes. RESULTS A crude alkaloid extract, particularly drupacine, was responsible for much of the nematotoxicity. The ED50 of...

The behavior of two isolates of Pratylenchus penetrans on six potato clones was assessed to test the hypothesis that these nematode isolates from New York were different. Four potato cultivars (Superior, Russet Burbank, Butte, and Hudson) and two breeding lines (NY85 and L118-2) were inoculated with nematode isolates designated Cornell (CR) and Long Island (LI). Population increase and egressio...

Three described species of root-knot nematode parasitize peanut (Arachis hypogaea): Meloidogyne arenaria race 1 (Ma), M. hapla (Mh), and M. javanica (Mj). Peanut cultivars with broad resistance to Meloidogyne spp. will be useful regardless of the species present in the field. The objective of this study was to determine whether peanut genotypes with resistance to M. arenaria originating from th...

L. Böhm, N. Arismendi, and L. Ciampi. 2009. Nematicidal activity of leaves of common shrub and tree species from Southern Chile against Meloidogyne hapla. Cien. Inv. Agr. 36 (2): 249-258. The biological control of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, was evaluated through the addition of organic amendments of dry and chopped leaves of Buddleja globosa, Drymis winteri, Eucalyptus globulus,...

In the Northeast of Brazil, expansion of guava crops has been impaired by Meloidogyne enterolobii that causes root galls, leaf fall and plant death. Considering the fact that arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) improve plant growth giving protection against damages by plant pathogens, this work was carried out to select AMF efficient to increase production of guava seedlings and their tolerance ...

The microbiological quality of effluents from different macrofiltration systems (pressure sand filter and disc filter) used as pre-treatment and membrane technologies (microfiltration and ultrafiltration) was evaluated in order to determine their possible application as alternatives to disinfection of urban wastewater prior to reutilization. Microbiological quality was determined by reference t...

Fifty-two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) clones, randomly selected from the cultivar Baker and the experimental line MNGRN-4, were evaluated for resistance (based on nematode reproduction) to Pratylenchus penetrans in growth chamber tests (25 C). Twenty-five clones, representing the range of nematodes and eggs per plant, were selected and retested. Four moderately resistant and two susceptible al...

Trichostrongylus colubriformis is an important cause of parasitic gastroenteritis in ruminants, where it causes protracted diarrhoea, rapid loss of weight, loss of production and death. The in vitro efficacy of extracts of Peltophorum africanum was determined against this parasitic nematode. Eggs and larvae of T. colubriformis were incubated at 23oC in the extracts of the leaf, bark and root of...

BACKGROUND Nematode infections in horses are widespread across the world. Increasing levels of anthelmintic resistance, reported worldwide in equine parasites, have led to the creation of programs for the control of nematodes based on faecal egg counts (FEC). To improve nematode egg counting in equine faecal samples and establish whether the matrix of equine faeces or the eggs affect the counts...