Demonstration of a size-based influence on relative biomechanical neck length of the femur predicts relatively longer necks for smaller femurs. Fossil hominids through the middle Pleistocene appear to have relatively longer femur necks than expected from this relation, excepting the two small australopithecine females. I t is suggested that this variation results from smaller crania a t birth i...

BACKGROUND: Animal breeds are often recognized through their specific characteristics, nevertheless, the breeds' anatomical and biochemical characteristics have not considered yet in many of the researches done on one-humped camels. There are some particular differences in camel breeds due to different climate conditions and rearing necessity. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to com...

How blood was able to reach the heads of the long-necked sauropod dinosaurs has long been a matter of debate and several hypotheses have been presented. For example, it has been proposed that sauropods had exceptionally large hearts, multiple 'normal' sized hearts spaced at regular intervals up the neck or held their necks horizontal, or that the siphon effect was in operation. By means of an e...

Dendritic spines receive most synaptic inputs in the forebrain. Their morphology, with a spine head isolated from the dendrite by a slender neck, indicates a potential role in isolating inputs. Indeed, biochemical compartmentalization occurs at spine heads because of the diffusional bottleneck created by the spine neck. Here we investigate whether the spine neck also isolates inputs electricall...

OBJECTIVE Provide reference basis for the clinical implant restoration to select implant diameter through measuring each data of 7 teeth in the dental neck of bilateral upper and lower jaws of the young volunteers with normal dentition. METHODS Select 30 healthy young volunteers with complete dentition but no malocclusion, take cone beam CT (CBCT), measure the mesiodistal and buccolingual dis...

This experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of naked neck (Na) and frizzle (F) genes on eggshell ultrastructure at different intervals of incubation period. 81 eggshell samples (9 samples/ genotypes/ incubation studied intervals) were taken before incubation period, at 12 days of incubation period and after hatching. Before incubation period, the present results showed that the presence...

BACKGROUND Angiographic assessment is an alternative to computerised tomography (CT) prior to endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). We evaluated angiography in aortic neck morphology assessment as an alternative investigation. METHODS Patients admitted for elective or emergency EVAR were assessed by pre-operative CT and intra-operative angiography. The proximal and distal aortic neck diameters...

Failure of the resurfaced femoral head may occur in the short term owing to femoral neck fracture or in the long term owing to aseptic loosening as a result of strain shielding. Resurfacing arthroplasties are not all the same. In particular, there is considerable debate regarding the role of the metaphyseal stem and cementing technique. This study examines the influence of various metaphyseal s...

Background. Since it was described by Nassif et al. in 1982, the parascapular flap has been used as a pedicled or island flap for axillary contractures and as a free flap for neck reconstruction. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports in English describing its use as an island flap for neck reconstruction. Methods. Nine patients with severe post-burn neck contracture scars were reco...

In this thesis we evaluated two different hip arthroplasty concepts trough in vitro studies and numerical analyses. The cortical strains in the femoral neck area were increased by 10 to 15 % after insertion of a resurfacing femoral component compared to values of the intact femur, shown in an in vitro study on human cadaver femurs. There is an increased risk of femoral neck fracture after hip r...