OBJECTIVE To determine if administration of albuterol by a metered-dose inhaler with a spacer device is as efficacious as administration of albuterol by nebulizer to treat wheezing in children aged 2 years and younger. DESIGN Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING Pediatric emergency department. PATIENTS From a convenience sample of wheezing children aged 2 t...

OBJECTIVE To compare the relative efficacy of jet nebulizer and metered dose inhaler (MDI) with spacer for the administration of aerosolized salbutamol in an acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma. DESIGN Randomized prospective study. SETTING Emergency Room. METHODS In 60 subjects with acute asthma aged between 1 to 12 years, clinical and laboratory assessment of severity at recruitment i...

The effects of treatment with aerosolized amphotericin B desoxycholate and aerosolized liposomal amphotericin B were evaluated in severely immunosuppressed rats with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Aerosol treatment with amphotericin B desoxycholate consisted of a single dose (60 min) with amphotericin B concentrations in the nebulizer reservoir of 1, 2 and 4 mg/mL, respectively. For liposoma...

BACKGROUND A new electronic mesh nebulizer, eMotion is known to have higher performance compared to conventional nebulizers. However, there are some concerns about whether too much delivered dose might cause side effects with higher frequency. METHODS To evaluate the safety and usefulness of the nebulizer, we measured changes in heart rates and lung functions of 73 asthmatic children when the...

HYPOTHESIS Albuterol delivered during noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation is affected by use of a nebulizer or metered-dose inhaler (MDI) and whether the leak port is in the hose or the mask. METHODS A lung model that simulated spontaneous breathing at 20 breaths/min was used. A bi-level positive-airway-pressure ventilator (Respironics S/T30) was set for an inspiratory positive airway p...

BACKGROUND Exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) are characterized by increased dyspnea due to dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation. This study sought to determine whether the AeroEclipse II breath-activated nebulizer (BAN) would produce greater bronchodilator responses than a continuous flow small-volume nebulizer (SVN) in patients with ECOPD. METHODS Prospective randomized controlled trial. Forty pati...

BACKGROUND Complications of Ventolin as the most common drug used for bronchiolitis are widely known. The present study was conducted to determine the efficacy of hypertonic saline 3%, compared with Ventolin, for treatment of acute bronchiolitis in children. METHODS This double-blinded clinical trial study was conducted in Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord, Iran, from 2011 to 2012. A total of 70 pat...

BACKGROUND As the use of intravenous magnesium sulfate (MgSO(4)) for the treatment of refractory asthma is becoming more common, the incidence of MgSO(4)-related systemic hypotension is also rising. One option is to deliver MgSO(4) via aerosol, but compared to most inhaled medications, which are active in the microgram dose range, the MgSO(4) dose requirement is in the milligram range. This, al...