Use of externally pressurized air bearings allows for the design of mechanical systems requiring extreme precision in positioning. One application is the fine control for the positioning of mirrors in large-scale optical telescopes. Other examples come from applications in robotics and computer hard-drive manufacturing. Pressurized bearings maintain a finite separation between mechanical compon...

The Respimat(®) Soft Mist™ Inhaler (SMI) (Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany) was developed in response to the need for a pocket-sized device that can generate a single-breath, inhalable aerosol from a drug solution using a patient-independent, reproducible, and environmentally friendly energy supply. This paper describes the design and evolution of this innovative devi...

New approaches to extracting natural hydroxyl carbonate apatite from bio waste of bovine bones cortical femur have been developed. To extract pure and natural bio ceramics, three different treatments have been applied: 1-Calcination heat treatment at temperature of 700 , 2-alkaline hydrothermal at temperature of 275 and 3-Pressurized low polarity water at temperature of 250 . Raw bovine bone an...

The study of two-phase fluid flow behavior in hydraulic structures such as pressurized flow tunnels, culverts, sewer pipes, junctions and other similar conduits is of great importance. A two-phase mixture flowing in a pipe can exhibit several interfacial geometries such as bubbles, slugs or films, depending on the fluid and hydrodynamic properties of flow. The main variables, giving rise to a v...